Real-rooted atlas

A027465 → basis A013611 → basis A008277

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(P_{n}(x) = \left(8 + 4\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(4\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
011
18412
2648016160
35121216576642368
440961664014080358425638656
532768216064291840128000204801024690176
62621442723840553369637273601003520110592409613365248
7209715233734656994344969668198438993920711065657344016384278642688
816777216413204480172589056023313776641322582016355074048467927042883584655366214647808
9134217728502556262429267066880535311155204106747904015232401408291766272029097984014155776262144147480903680
10107374182460843622400488375320576118769057792011997439590405907771555841542948126722214592512017301504006815744010485763706744471552
1185899345927344184360968057379618816257073128407043354461732864021340736192512730054262784014144325550081577897164809919528960322961408419430498276065935360
1268719476736884738097152013185574764544054637577528934490790006725017673171908270489631898030886092880121742491648119693188792321067618140160551802634241509949440167772162738962468700160
13549755813888106443449565184214508148621312011454938496368640239751047151616002411973458473779213134246214369280416030396514304079925972513587294852473683968691912520499229923842457669793218566710886479997740276252672
144398046511104127952041803776034747077577670656237679095872225280621222267149352960771252987233304576516774817198768128202307927602626560486116048660070407370547742638080711527904575488432368988979201587795722240319438192642684354562442006628518592512
Technical details
Node id
n-5e7ec41c0eea70e5 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A008277
Fingerprint
f6-b5f1389370a379f1

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:         1;
  1:         8,          4;
  2:        64,         80,          16;
  3:       512,       1216,         576,          64;
  4:      4096,      16640,       14080,        3584,         256;
  5:     32768,     216064,      291840,      128000,       20480,        1024;
  6:    262144,    2723840,     5533696,     3727360,     1003520,      110592,       4096;
  7:   2097152,   33734656,    99434496,    96681984,    38993920,     7110656,     573440,     16384;
  8:  16777216,  413204480,  1725890560,  2331377664,  1322582016,   355074048,   46792704,   2883584,    65536;
  9: 134217728, 5025562624, 29267066880, 53531115520, 41067479040, 15232401408, 2917662720, 290979840, 14155776, 262144;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (8+4*x)*P(n-1,x) + 4*x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(8 + 4*x)*P[n - 1, x] + 4*x*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (8 + 4*x)*v[i - 1] + 4*x*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

  • Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
    by Ray basis map theorem
  • Coefficients of one sign? Every nonzero row, n ≥ 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    derived from Ray basis map theorem
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo)? Rows P_n, n ≥ 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    derived from Ray basis map theorem

Proof chains ? JSON

Same fingerprint ?

References

  1. [ASW52] Michael Aissen, I. J. Schoenberg and A. M. Whitney. On the generating functions of totally positive sequences I. Journal d’Analyse Mathématique, 2(1):93–103, 1952. doi:10.1007/BF02786970
  2. [AW24] Christos A. Athanasiadis and David G. Wagner. Veronese sections and interlacing matrices of polynomials and formal power series. arXiv:2404.12989. arXiv
  3. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  4. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  5. [Edr53] Albert Edrei. Proof of a Conjecture of Schoenberg on the Generating Function of a Totally Positive Sequence. Canadian Journal of Mathematics, 5:86–94, 1953. doi:10.4153/CJM-1953-010-3
  6. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  7. [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741
  8. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.