basis-map coefficients of A026729 → (θ+1)² → basis A008277

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(\left(1 - 2\,n + n^{2}\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(n^{2} + n^{2} x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(n^{2} x\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
111
2448
3927945
4161129616240
525375625250251300
636111632402340540367308
74930871474917150686010294942973
8648128618241088646720017024179264264960
98120655245025629370563031214326374222916811712907
101005110093300034105004252500228270058800075000450010011597500
11121123783344862117635750298543302171792777424271437480139755665512182106970
121442947681245974488056144198633600190605888903450242289988832076002455209504144606757968
131696920554421462542799757012689366691575301728965906656321034428607558386645925410839131821694671909853
1419616054361546381202036782020785470686012433529108966853888040988147201006485480147539392129489366599321783619637416267112
15225368617553439772595300887504742255700094655986425919667999254874126400015103910250284909625033288255023955750102375023625225311165672625
Technical details
Node id
n-a70f9259fca44120 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A008277
Fingerprint
f6-4732d0911d5a78c5

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 1, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
   1:   1;
   2:   4,     4;
   3:   9,    27,      9;
   4:  16,   112,     96,      16;
   5:  25,   375,    625,     250,      25;
   6:  36,  1116,   3240,    2340,     540,      36;
   7:  49,  3087,  14749,   17150,    6860,    1029,     49;
   8:  64,  8128,  61824,  108864,   67200,   17024,   1792,    64;
   9:  81, 20655, 245025,  629370,  563031,  214326,  37422,  2916,   81;
  10: 100, 51100, 933000, 3410500, 4252500, 2282700, 588000, 75000, 4500, 100;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (n^2-2*n+1)*P(n,x) = (n^2+n^2*x)*P(n-1,x) + n^2*x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(1,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[1, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((n^2 + n^2*x)*P[n - 1, x] + n^2*x*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(n^2 - 2*n + 1)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n); v[i] = ((n^2 + n^2*x)*v[i - 1] + n^2*x*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(n^2 - 2*n + 1)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};
T(10)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

  • Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 1, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
  • Coefficients of one sign? Every nonzero row, n ≥ 1: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    derived from Ray basis map theorem
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo)? Rows P_n, n ≥ 1, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    derived from Ray basis map theorem

Proof chains ? JSON

Same fingerprint ?

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741
  4. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.