A136572 → basis A008277
nonnegative coefficients
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| 2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 10 | |||||
| 3 | 6 | 42 | 36 | 6 | 90 | ||||
| 4 | 24 | 360 | 600 | 240 | 24 | 1248 | |||
| 5 | 120 | 3720 | 10800 | 7800 | 1800 | 120 | 24360 | ||
| 6 | 720 | 45360 | 216720 | 252000 | 100800 | 15120 | 720 | 631440 | |
| 7 | 5040 | 640080 | 4868640 | 8573040 | 5292000 | 1340640 | 141120 | 5040 | 20865600 |
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-6709415e7c106f96· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A008277- Fingerprint
f6-4732d0911d5a78c5
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no
OEIS matches ?
No OEIS matches.
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 1, 1; 2: 2, 6, 2; 3: 6, 42, 36, 6; 4: 24, 360, 600, 240, 24; 5: 120, 3720, 10800, 7800, 1800, 120; 6: 720, 45360, 216720, 252000, 100800, 15120, 720; 7: 5040, 640080, 4868640, 8573040, 5292000, 1340640, 141120, 5040; 8: 40320, 10281600, 121968000, 313286400, 280264320, 106686720, 18627840, 1451520, 40320; 9: 362880, 185431680, 3385670400, 12376022400, 15431472000, 8283461760, 2133734400, 272160000, 16329600, 362880;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (n+n*x)*P(n-1,x) + n*x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(n + n*x)*P[n - 1, x] + n*x*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (n + n*x)*v[i - 1] + n*x*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
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Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-65b19db4875af7b0 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-65b19db4875af7b0 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-65b19db4875af7b0
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A008277
e-65b19db4875af7b0Ray basis map theorem [MW08, Thm 2] polytool RealRooted rayBasisMap_maps_realRootedIn_iff ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle read by rows: row n consists of n zeros followed by n!.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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parent_provers root_domain
e-8128a83cc2062067root: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
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preserver_image mobius, shift 0
e-7d7235cf57d80f69Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle read by rows: row n consists of n zeros followed by n!.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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premise (sequence):
Triangle read by rows: row n consists of n zeros followed by n!.
-
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premise (sequence):
Triangle read by rows: row n consists of n zeros followed by n!.
Related sequences ?
Same fingerprint (11)
Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.
- basis-map coefficients of A030528, shifted → basis A008277
- basis-map coefficients of A112227 → basis A008277
- A106800: Triangle of Stirling numbers of 2nd kind, S(n, n-k), n >= 0, 0 <= k <= n.
- basis-map coefficients of A026729, shifted → basis A008277
- A023531 → basis A008277
- A106800 → reverse (shift +1) → reverse
- A008277: Triangle of Stirling numbers of the second kind, S2(n,k), n >= 1, 1 <= k <= n.
- A048993: Triangle of Stirling numbers of 2nd kind, S(n,k), n >= 0, 0 <= k <= n.
- A008278: Reflected triangle of Stirling numbers of 2nd kind, S(n,n-k+1), n >= 1, 1 <= k <= n.
- A130123 → basis A008277
- basis-map coefficients of A021012 → basis A008277
References
- [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741