A134309 → basis A008277

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(\left(-1 + n\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(-2 - 2\,x + 2\,n + 2\,n x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(-2\,x + 2\,n x\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 1 + x\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
011
1112
226210
342824460
48120200808416
51649614401040240163248
632201696321120044806723228064
7648128618241088646720017024179264264960
8128326403872009945608897283386885913646081282706816
92561308162388480873088010886400584371215052801920001152025629689600
1051252377614592512746240001263257609189734432761344608256059136028160512347427840
111024209612888602624626177024141250560013554196486424535041628436482280960017459206758410244314723328
122048838656053580800051866214401537741004819090046976117051883523890405376736260096805376004978688159744204856615806976
1340963355033632316211204256458752016414734336025983538380820205273088085656862720210334924803083272192270606336137912323727364096781923622912
1481921342095361945682739234697994240017266026086403446319292416334840899993617746152652805499165900801037324288001211988377687220224037273600860160819211329196400640
Technical details
Node id
n-5a4def222d4a6587 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A008277
Fingerprint
f6-4732d0911d5a78c5

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:   1;
  1:   1,      1;
  2:   2,      6,       2;
  3:   4,     28,      24,       4;
  4:   8,    120,     200,      80,        8;
  5:  16,    496,    1440,    1040,      240,      16;
  6:  32,   2016,    9632,   11200,     4480,     672,      32;
  7:  64,   8128,   61824,  108864,    67200,   17024,    1792,     64;
  8: 128,  32640,  387200,  994560,   889728,  338688,   59136,   4608,   128;
  9: 256, 130816, 2388480, 8730880, 10886400, 5843712, 1505280, 192000, 11520, 256;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (n-1)*P(n,x) = (2*n-2+(2*n-2)*x)*P(n-1,x) + (2*n-2)*x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 1 + x.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 1 + x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((2*n - 2 + (2*n - 2)*x)*P[n - 1, x] + (2*n - 2)*x*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(n - 1)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 1 + x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((2*n - 2 + (2*n - 2)*x)*v[i - 1] + (2*n - 2)*x*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(n - 1)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

  • Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
  • Coefficients of one sign? Every nonzero row, n ≥ 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    derived from Ray basis map theorem
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo)? Rows P_n, n ≥ 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    derived from Ray basis map theorem

Proof chains ? JSON

Same fingerprint ?

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741
  4. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.