A156992 → basis A013609
palindromic γ-positive nonnegative coefficients only rational roots
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | x10 | x11 | x12 | x13 | x14 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| 1 | 4 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||||||
| 2 | 24 | 48 | 24 | 96 | ||||||||||||
| 3 | 192 | 576 | 576 | 192 | 1536 | |||||||||||
| 4 | 1920 | 7680 | 11520 | 7680 | 1920 | 30720 | ||||||||||
| 5 | 23040 | 115200 | 230400 | 230400 | 115200 | 23040 | 737280 | |||||||||
| 6 | 322560 | 1935360 | 4838400 | 6451200 | 4838400 | 1935360 | 322560 | 20643840 | ||||||||
| 7 | 5160960 | 36126720 | 108380160 | 180633600 | 180633600 | 108380160 | 36126720 | 5160960 | 660602880 | |||||||
| 8 | 92897280 | 743178240 | 2601123840 | 5202247680 | 6502809600 | 5202247680 | 2601123840 | 743178240 | 92897280 | 23781703680 | ||||||
| 9 | 1857945600 | 16721510400 | 66886041600 | 156067430400 | 234101145600 | 234101145600 | 156067430400 | 66886041600 | 16721510400 | 1857945600 | 951268147200 | |||||
| 10 | 40874803200 | 408748032000 | 1839366144000 | 4904976384000 | 8583708672000 | 10300450406400 | 8583708672000 | 4904976384000 | 1839366144000 | 408748032000 | 40874803200 | 41855798476800 | ||||
| 11 | 980995276800 | 10790948044800 | 53954740224000 | 161864220672000 | 323728441344000 | 453219817881600 | 453219817881600 | 323728441344000 | 161864220672000 | 53954740224000 | 10790948044800 | 980995276800 | 2009078326886400 | |||
| 12 | 25505877196800 | 306070526361600 | 1683387894988800 | 5611292983296000 | 12625409212416000 | 20200654739865600 | 23567430529843200 | 20200654739865600 | 12625409212416000 | 5611292983296000 | 1683387894988800 | 306070526361600 | 25505877196800 | 104472072998092800 | ||
| 13 | 714164561510400 | 9284139299635200 | 55704835797811200 | 204251064591974400 | 510627661479936000 | 919129790663884800 | 1225506387551846400 | 1225506387551846400 | 919129790663884800 | 510627661479936000 | 204251064591974400 | 55704835797811200 | 9284139299635200 | 714164561510400 | 5850436087893196800 | |
| 14 | 21424936845312000 | 299949115834368000 | 1949669252923392000 | 7798677011693568000 | 21446361782157312000 | 42892723564314624000 | 64339085346471936000 | 73530383253110784000 | 64339085346471936000 | 42892723564314624000 | 21446361782157312000 | 7798677011693568000 | 1949669252923392000 | 299949115834368000 | 21424936845312000 | 351026165273591808000 |
Generated b-files: A034177 (row sums) ?
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-cf97dd8f766eb0a5· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013609- Fingerprint
f6-77a7ed3b1d5f257e
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: yes
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): yes
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
OEIS matches ?
- A052570: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS
- A034177: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS · generated b-file 200 terms from n = 1 ?
A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 4, 4; 2: 24, 48, 24; 3: 192, 576, 576, 192; 4: 1920, 7680, 11520, 7680, 1920; 5: 23040, 115200, 230400, 230400, 115200, 23040; 6: 322560, 1935360, 4838400, 6451200, 4838400, 1935360, 322560; 7: 5160960, 36126720, 108380160, 180633600, 180633600, 108380160, 36126720, 5160960; 8: 92897280, 743178240, 2601123840, 5202247680, 6502809600, 5202247680, 2601123840, 743178240, 92897280; 9: 1857945600, 16721510400, 66886041600, 156067430400, 234101145600, 234101145600, 156067430400, 66886041600, 16721510400, 1857945600;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (2*n+2+(2*n+2)*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(2*n + 2 + (2*n + 2)*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (2*n + 2 + (2*n + 2)*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
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Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-b7289e9f518eca68 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-b7289e9f518eca68 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-b7289e9f518eca68
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A013609
e-b7289e9f518eca68Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle T(n,k) = n!*binomial(n-1, k-1) for 1 <= k <= n, read by rows.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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theorem_check liu_wang
e-d07da0cb5a6ac36broot: theorem checkLiu–Wang theorem [LW07, Thm 2.1, Cor 2.4] ?
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parent_provers root_domain
e-e811f0fabc9e8e88root: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
-
-
premise (sequence):
Triangle T(n,k) = n!*binomial(n-1, k-1) for 1 <= k <= n, read by rows.
Related sequences ?
Same fingerprint (59)
Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.
- A038330 → basis A013611
- basis-map coefficients of A026729, shifted → basis A007318
- A120910 → basis A013610
- A028326: Twice Pascal's triangle A007318: T(n,k) = 2*C(n,k).
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → basis A013609
- A007318 → ×(−(1/2)n+(1/2)n²) → D
- A129533: Array read by antidiagonals: T(n,k) = binomial(n+1,2)*binomial(n+k,n+1) for 0 <= k <= n.
- A178822 → basis A013609
- A007318 → ×(1+2n+n²) → D
- basis-map coefficients of Riordan array (1+2x,x(1+x)). shifted by x -> -x + 0
- A237765: Triangular array read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n,2)*binomial(n,k), n>=0, 0<=k<=n.
- A178821 → basis A013609
- basis-map coefficients of A026729 → basis A007318
- A135838 → basis A013609
- A135065: A127733 * A007318 as infinite lower triangular matrices.
- A085881: Triangle T(n,k) read by rows: multiply row n of Pascal's triangle (A007318) by A001147(n).
- A085880 → basis A013609
- A038338 → basis A013609
- A038221 → basis A013609
- A038208: Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*2^i.
- A135838: Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = 2^floor(n/2)*binomial(n-1,k-1).
- A344565 → D
- A038221: Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*3^(i-j)*3^j.
- A007318: Binomial
- A007318 → ×(1+(3/2)n+(1/2)n²) → D
- A038325 → basis A013609
- A178822: Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = C(n+5,5) * C(n,k), 0 <= k <= n.
- basis-map coefficients of A112227 → x ↦ x+1
- A085881 → basis A013609
- A010054 → reverse → x ↦ x+1
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → D
- A085880 → D
- A085880: Triangle T(n,k) read by rows: multiply row n of Pascal's triangle (A007318) by the n-th Catalan number (A00010…
- basis-map coefficients of A021012 → x ↦ x+1
- A028326 → basis A013609
- A094305: Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = ((n+1)(n+2)/2) * binomial(n,k) (0 <= k <= n).
- A178820: Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = C(n+3,3) * C(n,k), 0 <= k <= n.
- A344565: Triangle read by rows, for 0 <= k <= n: T(n, k) = binomial(n, k) * binomial(binomial(n + 3, 2), 2).
- A007318 → D → D
- A028326 → D
- A178821: Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n+4,4) * binomial(n,k), 0 <= k <= n.
- A356546 → basis A013609
- A003506: Triangle of denominators in Leibniz's Harmonic Triangle a(n,k), n >= 1, 1 <= k <= n.
- A027465 → basis A013611
- A356546: Triangle read by rows. T(n, k) = RisingFactorial(n + 1, n) / (k! * (n - k)!).
- A135838 → D
- A038208 → D
- A038325: Triangle read by rows whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*11^(i-j)*11^j.
- A344565 → basis A013609
- A178821 → D
- Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*12^(i-j)*12^j.
- A216973: Exponential Riordan array [x*exp(x),x].
- A178820 → D
- Riordan array (1-x,x/(1-x)).
- A178820 → basis A013609
- A178822 → D
- A156992: Triangle T(n,k) = n!*binomial(n-1, k-1) for 1 <= k <= n, read by rows.
- A196347: Triangle T(n, k) read by rows, T(n, k) = n!*binomial(n, k).
- A196347 → basis A013609
References
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003