A196347 → D+1
nonnegative coefficientsonly rational roots
Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernelinterlacing (weak)
Recurrence
\(\left(x + n\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(n + 2\,n x + n x^{2} + n^{2} + n^{2} x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||
| 2 | 6 | 8 | 2 | 16 | |||||
| 3 | 24 | 54 | 36 | 6 | 120 | ||||
| 4 | 120 | 384 | 432 | 192 | 24 | 1152 | |||
| 5 | 720 | 3000 | 4800 | 3600 | 1200 | 120 | 13440 | ||
| 6 | 5040 | 25920 | 54000 | 57600 | 32400 | 8640 | 720 | 184320 | |
| 7 | 40320 | 246960 | 635040 | 882000 | 705600 | 317520 | 70560 | 5040 | 2903040 |
Compute more
?
Technical details
- Node id
n-a6f98df96412c71b· revision 0 · JSON- Definition source
derived:one_plus_derivative- Fingerprint
f6-e99c3824c4864868
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
Matches ?
No OEIS matches.
Submission text ?
Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 2, 1; 2: 6, 8, 2; 3: 24, 54, 36, 6; 4: 120, 384, 432, 192, 24; 5: 720, 3000, 4800, 3600, 1200, 120; 6: 5040, 25920, 54000, 57600, 32400, 8640, 720; 7: 40320, 246960, 635040, 882000, 705600, 317520, 70560, 5040; 8: 362880, 2580480, 7902720, 13547520, 14112000, 9031680, 3386880, 645120, 40320; 9: 3628800, 29393280, 104509440, 213373440, 274337280, 228614400, 121927680, 39191040, 6531840, 362880;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy (n+x)*P(n,x) = (n^2+n+(n^2+2*n)*x+n*x^2)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((n^2 + n + (n^2 + 2*n)*x + n*x^2)*P[n - 1, x])/(n + x)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((n^2 + n + (n^2 + 2*n)*x + n*x^2)*v[i - 1])/(n + x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)polytool c48629374597
Properties
- Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
-
Coefficients of one sign?
Every nonzero row, n ≥ 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
derived from Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators
-
Hadamard kernel (Malo)?
Rows P_n, n ≥ 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
derived from Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators
- Interlacing of consecutive rows? Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m ≥ 1
Proof chains ? JSON
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Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators [SP14] polytool ? step ›
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from
Triangle T(n, k) read by rows, T(n, k) = n!*binomial(n, k).?
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Row-hypergeometric rows (multiplier sequences) [SP14; Bra15, Thm 7.1 of arXiv:1410.6601] polytool RealRooted RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos RealRooted RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_inv_ascPochhammer RealRooted RealRooted.IsPFMultiplierSequence.mul ? step › direct check
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Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ? step ›
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from
Triangle read by rows: row n consists of n zeros followed by n!.?
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Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ? step ›
- ↑ Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) (above)
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from
Triangle read by rows: row n consists of n zeros followed by n!.?
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Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ? step ›
-
from
Triangle T(n, k) read by rows, T(n, k) = n!*binomial(n, k).?
- ↑ Liu–Wang theorem (above)
- ↑ Row-hypergeometric rows (multiplier sequences) (above)
- ↑ Iterated real-rootedness preservers (above)
- ↑ Geometric basis map (elementary) (above)
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Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ? step ›
-
Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ? step ›
-
Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ? step ›
-
from
Triangle T(n, k) read by rows, T(n, k) = n!*binomial(n, k).?
- ↑ Geometric basis map (elementary) (above)
- ↑ Parent-row provers of polytool (above)
- ↑ Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) (above)
- ↑ Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) (above)
-
from
Triangle T(n, k) read by rows, T(n, k) = n!*binomial(n, k).?
Related ?
Same fingerprint ?
- A038208 → D → θ+1
- A124860 → D+1
- A135838 → θ+1
- A085881 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A038325 → θ+1
- A135838 → D+1
- A007318 → ×(−(1/2)n+(1/2)n²) → D+1
- A120910 → basis A013610 → D+1
- A038208 → D+1
- A028326 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A131431 → D+1 → basis A007318
- A028326 → θ+1
- A028326 → D+1
- A344565 → θ+1
- A134346 → D+1
- A094305 → θ+1
- A038338 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A196347 → θ+1
- A196347 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A156992 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A085880 → D → θ+1
- A156992 → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A026729, shifted → basis A007318 → D+1
- A028326 → D → D+1
- A085881 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A003506 → D → θ+1
- A178821 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A103406: Triangle read by rows: n-th row = unsigned coefficients of the characteristic polynomials of an n X n matrix w…
- A178820 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A038338 → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → θ+1
- A038330 → basis A013611 → D+1
- A135065 → θ+1
- A085880 → D+1
- A093375: Array T(m,n) read by ascending antidiagonals: T(m,n) = m*binomial(n+m-2, n-1) for m, n >= 1.
- A356546 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A178820 → θ+1
- A178821 → D+1
- A344565 → D+1
- A038208 → θ+1
- A027465 → basis A013611 → θ+1
- A131431 → x ↦ x+1 → D+1
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → D → θ+1
- A085881 → θ+1
- A085880 → D → D+1
- A093375 → D → D
- A131431 → x ↦ x+1 → θ+1
- A028326 → D → θ+1
- A216973 → θ+1
- A038221 → θ+1
- A376827 → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A127647 → D+1
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A027465 → basis A013611 → D+1
- A156992 → D+1
- A178820 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A156992 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A196347 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A038325 → D+1
- basis-map coefficients of A127647 → θ+1
- A178821 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A178821 → θ+1
- A356546 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A085880 → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A026729, shifted → basis A007318 → θ+1
- A356546 → D+1
- A038221 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A112227 → x ↦ x+1 → D+1
- A007318 → ×(−(1/2)n+(1/2)n²) → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → D+1
- A178822 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A085880 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A038325 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A093375 → D
- A178822 → D+1
- A376827 → D+1
- A178822 → θ+1
- A085880 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A085881 → D+1
- A038338 → D+1
- A038338 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A134346 → θ+1
- A038221 → basis A013609 → D+1
- A124860 → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A026729 → basis A007318 → D+1
- A028326 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A112227 → x ↦ x+1 → θ+1
- A178822 → basis A013609 → θ+1
- A356546 → θ+1
- A094305 → D+1
- A135065 → D+1
- A038208 → D → D+1
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → basis A013609 → D+1
- A178820 → D+1
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → D → D+1
- A038330 → basis A013611 → θ+1
- A120910 → basis A013610 → θ+1
- basis-map coefficients of A026729 → basis A007318 → θ+1
- A038221 → D+1
- A038325 → basis A013609 → D+1
References
- [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
- [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
- [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.