A085880 → D → D+1

nonnegative coefficientsonly rational roots

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(\left(4\,n - 2\,n x - 4\,n^{2} + n^{2} x + n^{3}\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(-6 + 6\,x^{2} + 16\,n + 6\,n x - 10\,n x^{2} - 14\,n^{2} - 10\,n^{2} x + 4\,n^{2} x^{2} + 4\,n^{3} + 4\,n^{3} x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 0\)
\(P_{2}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6Pn(1)
10
211
38412
4456015120
5224504336561120
6105033603780168021010080
74752198003168023760792079288704
821021108108225225240240135135360363003768768
Technical details
Node id
n-84cf664a286120f4 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:one_plus_derivative
Fingerprint
f6-e99c3824c4864868

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (affine: slope 1, intercept -2)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 1, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
   1:      0;
   2:      1;
   3:      8,       4;
   4:     45,      60,      15;
   5:    224,     504,     336,       56;
   6:   1050,    3360,    3780,     1680,      210;
   7:   4752,   19800,   31680,    23760,     7920,     792;
   8:  21021,  108108,  225225,   240240,   135135,   36036,    3003;
   9:  91520,  560560, 1441440,  2002000,  1601600,  720720,  160160,  11440;
  10: 393822, 2800512, 8576568, 14702688, 15315300, 9801792, 3675672, 700128, 43758;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (n^3-4*n^2+4*n+(n^2-2*n)*x)*P(n,x) = (4*n^3-14*n^2+16*n-6+(4*n^3-10*n^2+6*n)*x+(4*n^2-10*n+6)*x^2)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 3, with P(1,x) = 0, P(2,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[1, x_] := 0;
P[2, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((4*n^3 - 14*n^2 + 16*n - 6 + (4*n^3 - 10*n^2 + 6*n)*x + (4*n^2 - 10*n + 6)*x^2)*P[n - 1, x])/(n^3 - 4*n^2 + 4*n + (n^2 - 2*n)*x)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 0; v[2] = 1; for(n = 3, N, my(i = n); v[i] = ((4*n^3 - 14*n^2 + 16*n - 6 + (4*n^3 - 10*n^2 + 6*n)*x + (4*n^2 - 10*n + 6)*x^2)*v[i - 1])/(n^3 - 4*n^2 + 4*n + (n^2 - 2*n)*x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};
T(10)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

Same fingerprint ?

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.