A344565 → basis A013611

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · interlacing (weak) · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(\left(n\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(8 + 16\,x + 2\,n + 4\,n x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 3\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7Pn(1)
033
1306090
21807207201620
3840504010080672022680
43360268808064010752053760272160
5120961209604838409676809676803870722939328
6403204838402419200645120096768007741440258048029393280
71267201774080106444803548160070963200851558405677056016220160277136640

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-5317d1468ab69371 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013611
Fingerprint
f6-11aec07ce60b6d61

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

No OEIS matches.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:       3;
  1:      30,       60;
  2:     180,      720,       720;
  3:     840,     5040,     10080,      6720;
  4:    3360,    26880,     80640,    107520,      53760;
  5:   12096,   120960,    483840,    967680,     967680,     387072;
  6:   40320,   483840,   2419200,   6451200,    9676800,    7741440,    2580480;
  7:  126720,  1774080,  10644480,  35481600,   70963200,   85155840,   56770560,   16220160;
  8:  380160,  6082560,  42577920, 170311680,  425779200,  681246720,  681246720,  389283840,   97320960;
  9: 1098240, 19768320, 158146560, 738017280, 2214051840, 4428103680, 5904138240, 5060689920, 2530344960, 562298880;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy n*P(n,x) = (2*n+8+(4*n+16)*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 3.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 3;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((2*n + 8 + (4*n + 16)*x)*P[n - 1, x])/(n)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 3; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((2*n + 8 + (4*n + 16)*x)*v[i - 1])/(n)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-8503bd9580ad59ab
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-8503bd9580ad59ab
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-8503bd9580ad59ab
  • Interlacing of consecutive rows. Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m >= 1
    The roots of consecutive polynomials alternate on the real line.
    by the cited steps: e-8503bd9580ad59ab

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

Same fingerprint (67)

Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003