A038284 → basis A013609

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(14 + 12\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 196 + 336\,x + 144\,x^{2}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14x15x16Pn(1)
0196336144676
1274470566048172817576
2384161317121693449676820736456976
3537824230496039513603386880145152024883211881376
4752953638723328829785609483264060963840209018882985984308915776
51054135046324810241626379776232339968019914854401024192512292626432358318088031810176
614757890561011969638430359089152520441528325576159232038236520448163870801924013162496429981696208827064576
7206610467841593852180485464636047361092927209472140519212646412044503941126882573680642528292372485417769369651597803525429503678976
8289254654976247932561408095631130828802185854418944032787816284160337246110351362408900788224011798697738240379243855872072236924928061917364224141167095653376
94049565169664381816144568321636354905292804207769756467207213319582515208655983499018247419414427729924542498629222401946785126809605562243219456095352740904967430083706883670344486987776
1056693912375296583137384431616274907624089190478545035454054401514797112328192020774360397643776207743603976437761526279539418726481764975326003203114856202895360800963023601664124825406275584891610044825695428956661682176
11793714773254144884425033054617645484715985666048142951964526379008306325638270812160472616699046395904540133370338738176462971460290347008297624510186651648141725957231738880485917567651676161135911197107814416227302815825921069932053790722481152873203736576
12111120068255580161333440819066961927429170277658787842547144095197298688600398251010791833610292541445899288576132332675732990853121296320088812971622497224006660972871685555657523484164096238099608149321318474212864877710540815902756759509401620970668254298112128391846454886464509974703297150976
131555680955578122242000161228600442880120009673716026572804457502166595272704011462148428387844096021614337036388506009630877624337697865728034028402331340505088029167201998291861504019444801332194574336010000183542271495372838961754060798033920111319297316565811202201920166701301760269622877555261440154070215745863681677259342285725925376
142177953337809371136298690743470999470081920154779456425164807680619117825700659202139601039965730897920440146499650093213286469165878516443219230728469291246911414599680816681655952172122112062223364263022637875203733401855781358272512174548658192375191961662338806497276854272016441003911369719808030197762286189281280345117283270734643218488425889503641643608742899428874059776

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-a36d781ea0b4816b · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013609
Fingerprint
f6-8e9037e0ccb64a62

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 (affine: slope 1, intercept 2)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:           196,            336,             144;
  1:          2744,           7056,            6048,            1728;
  2:         38416,         131712,          169344,           96768,           20736;
  3:        537824,        2304960,         3951360,         3386880,         1451520,          248832;
  4:       7529536,       38723328,        82978560,        94832640,        60963840,        20901888,         2985984;
  5:     105413504,      632481024,      1626379776,      2323399680,      1991485440,      1024192512,       292626432,        35831808;
  6:    1475789056,    10119696384,     30359089152,     52044152832,     55761592320,     38236520448,     16387080192,      4013162496,       429981696;
  7:   20661046784,   159385218048,    546463604736,   1092927209472,   1405192126464,   1204450394112,    688257368064,    252829237248,     54177693696,     5159780352;
  8:  289254654976,  2479325614080,   9563113082880,  21858544189440,  32787816284160,  33724611035136,  24089007882240,  11798697738240,   3792438558720,   722369249280,   61917364224;
  9: 4049565169664, 38181614456832, 163635490529280, 420776975646720, 721331958251520, 865598349901824, 741941442772992, 454249862922240, 194678512680960, 55622432194560, 9535274090496, 743008370688;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (14+12*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 196 + 336*x + 144*x^2.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 196 + 336*x + 144*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(14 + 12*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 196 + 336*x + 144*x^2; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (14 + 12*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-65e466871b01ed5e
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-65e466871b01ed5e
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-65e466871b01ed5e

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

Same fingerprint (3)

Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003