A038321 → basis A013610
nonnegative coefficients only rational roots
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 324 | 756 | 441 | 1521 | |||||||
| 1 | 5832 | 20412 | 23814 | 9261 | 59319 | ||||||
| 2 | 104976 | 489888 | 857304 | 666792 | 194481 | 2313441 | |||||
| 3 | 1889568 | 11022480 | 25719120 | 30005640 | 17503290 | 4084101 | 90224199 | ||||
| 4 | 34012224 | 238085568 | 694416240 | 1080203040 | 945177660 | 441082908 | 85766121 | 3518743761 | |||
| 5 | 612220032 | 4999796928 | 17499289248 | 34026395760 | 39697461720 | 27788223204 | 10806531246 | 1801088541 | 137231006679 | ||
| 6 | 11019960576 | 102852965376 | 419982941952 | 979960197888 | 1429108621920 | 1333834713792 | 778070249712 | 259356749904 | 37822859361 | 5352009260481 | |
| 7 | 198359290368 | 2082772548864 | 9719605228032 | 26458925342976 | 46303119350208 | 54020305908576 | 42015793484448 | 21007896742224 | 6127303216482 | 794280046581 | 208728361158759 |
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-63d702ebcae1deea· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013610- Fingerprint
f6-8e9037e0ccb64a62
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 (affine: slope 1, intercept 2)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
OEIS matches ?
- A009983: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 324, 756, 441; 1: 5832, 20412, 23814, 9261; 2: 104976, 489888, 857304, 666792, 194481; 3: 1889568, 11022480, 25719120, 30005640, 17503290, 4084101; 4: 34012224, 238085568, 694416240, 1080203040, 945177660, 441082908, 85766121; 5: 612220032, 4999796928, 17499289248, 34026395760, 39697461720, 27788223204, 10806531246, 1801088541; 6: 11019960576, 102852965376, 419982941952, 979960197888, 1429108621920, 1333834713792, 778070249712, 259356749904, 37822859361; 7: 198359290368, 2082772548864, 9719605228032, 26458925342976, 46303119350208, 54020305908576, 42015793484448, 21007896742224, 6127303216482, 794280046581; 8: 3570467226624, 41655450977280, 218691117630720, 680372365962240, 1389093580506240, 1944731012708736, 1890710706800160, 1260473804533440, 551457289483380, 142970408384580, 16679880978201; 9: 64268410079232, 824777929350144, 4811204587875840, 16839216057565440, 39291504134319360, 64176123419388288, 74872143989286336, 62393453324405280, 36396181105903080, 14154070430073420, 3302616433683798, 350277500542221;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (18+21*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 324 + 756*x + 441*x^2.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 324 + 756*x + 441*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(18 + 21*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 324 + 756*x + 441*x^2; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (18 + 21*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
-
Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-632cc4d34c6e419b -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-632cc4d34c6e419b -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-632cc4d34c6e419b
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
-
basis_map A013610
e-632cc4d34c6e419bGeometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
-
premise (sequence):
Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*11^(i-j)*7^j.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
-
theorem_check liu_wang
e-f6f8234ea600f6f8root: theorem checkLiu–Wang theorem [LW07, Thm 2.1, Cor 2.4] ?
-
parent_provers periodic_product
e-16634379058ff4ddroot: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
-
-
premise (sequence):
Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*11^(i-j)*7^j.
Related sequences ?
Same fingerprint (3)
Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.
References
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003