A156992 → basis A013610

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(2 + 3\,x + 2\,n + 3\,n x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7Pn(1)
011
14610
2247254150
319286412966483000
41920115202592025920972075000
5230401728005184007776005832001749602250000
6322560290304010886400217728002449440014696640367416078750000
7516096054190080243855360609638400914457600823011840411505920881798403150000000

Generated b-files: A034325 (row sums) ?

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-9c0ed28aed848f75 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013610
Fingerprint
f6-f06e51c139cfae05

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:          1;
  1:          4,           6;
  2:         24,          72,           54;
  3:        192,         864,         1296,          648;
  4:       1920,       11520,        25920,        25920,          9720;
  5:      23040,      172800,       518400,       777600,        583200,        174960;
  6:     322560,     2903040,     10886400,     21772800,      24494400,      14696640,       3674160;
  7:    5160960,    54190080,    243855360,    609638400,     914457600,     823011840,     411505920,      88179840;
  8:   92897280,  1114767360,   5852528640,  17557585920,   32920473600,   39504568320,   29628426240,   12697896960,   2380855680;
  9: 1857945600, 25082265600, 150493593600, 526727577600, 1185137049600, 1777705574400, 1777705574400, 1142810726400, 428554022400, 71425670400;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (2*n+2+(3*n+3)*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(2*n + 2 + (3*n + 3)*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (2*n + 2 + (3*n + 3)*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-d66805981c716c2b
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-d66805981c716c2b
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-d66805981c716c2b

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

Same fingerprint (23)

Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003