A085881 → basis A013610

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(-2 - 3\,x + 4\,n + 6\,n x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7Pn(1)
011
1235
212362775
31205408104051875
41680100802268022680850565625
53024022680068040010206007654502296352953125
66652805987520224532004490640050519700303118207577955162421875
717297280181621440817296480204324120030648618002758375620137918781029554024510557421875

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-35f684e6e797bb02 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013610
Fingerprint
f6-f06e51c139cfae05

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

No OEIS matches.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:           1;
  1:           2,            3;
  2:          12,           36,            27;
  3:         120,          540,           810,           405;
  4:        1680,        10080,         22680,         22680,           8505;
  5:       30240,       226800,        680400,       1020600,         765450,         229635;
  6:      665280,      5987520,      22453200,      44906400,       50519700,       30311820,        7577955;
  7:    17297280,    181621440,     817296480,    2043241200,     3064861800,     2758375620,     1379187810,      295540245;
  8:   518918400,   6227020800,   32691859200,   98075577600,   183891708000,   220670049600,   165502537200,    70929658800,   13299311025;
  9: 17643225600, 238183545600, 1429101273600, 5001854457600, 11254172529600, 16881258794400, 16881258794400, 10852237796400, 4069589173650, 678264862275;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (4*n-2+(6*n-3)*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(4*n - 2 + (6*n - 3)*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (4*n - 2 + (6*n - 3)*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-0adda7d4e180ead0
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-0adda7d4e180ead0
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-0adda7d4e180ead0

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

Same fingerprint (23)

Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003