A038331 → basis A013609 → x ↦ x+1

nonnegative coefficientsonly rational roots

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, −1]coefficients of one signHadamard kernelinterlacing (weak)

Recurrence

\(P_{n}(x) = \left(27 + 10\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 729 + 540\,x + 100\,x^{2}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14x15x16Pn(1)
07295401001369
119683218708100100050653
2531441787320437400108000100001874161
31434890726572050196830007290000135000010000069343957
43874204898609344207971615003936600001093500001620000010000002565726409
510460353203271194342303013270470018600435000688905000015309000001890000001000000094931877133
628242953648183682825624010847773692008035387920003720087000001102248000002041200000021600000001000000003512479453921
776255974849872541865828329037657271530800325433210760001807962282000066961566000001653372000000262440000000243000000001000000000129961739795077
820589113209464976255974849870012709329141645001255242384360000813583026900000361592456400000111602610000000236196000000003280500000000270000000000100000000004808584372417849
95559060566555523226480245304113904194078616742850046600873519365000345191655699000001789882659180000066291950340000001753755300000000324769500000000400950000000002970000000000100000000000177917621779460413
101500946352969991216670872679866627601358881471824683400167763144669714000013980262055809500008284599736776000003579765318360000001136433434400000002630632950000000043302600000000004811400000000003240000000000010000000000006582952005840035281
1140525551530189762671951230258860988573043360672419133079400588848637790696140005452302201765705000036348681345104700000179499660963480000006648135591240000000184670433090000000037998031500000000056293380000000000568620000000000035100000000000010000000000000243569224216081305397
1210941898913151235920956735772142265667738013658611812026920011002023498046226210372000206097023226743649000015266446164943974000008481358980524430000003589993219269600000001163423728467000000002872651181400000000053197244100000000007164612000000000006633900000000000037800000000000001000000000000009012061295995008299689
1329543127065508336986431641284836972685388135042551829106699250803500682930590601346000550007588117673348288895000061829106968023094700000381661154123599350000001817434067255235000000067312372861305000000001939039547445000000000430897677210000000000725416965000000000008955765000000000000765450000000000000405000000000000001000000000000000333446267951815307088493
14797664430768725098633614726900330481333917828801313027869578148310508000226943088569062670952000027317223624053840022000002428197655471452446400000164877618581394919200000087236835228251280000000036348681345104700000000011966644064232000000000031024632759120000000000626760257760000000000096722262000000000000011022480000000000000087480000000000000004320000000000000001000000000000000012337511914217166362274241
Technical details
Node id
n-9b7571fe942d33e6 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:shift_x_plus_one
Fingerprint
f6-4890a7f478fc1d38

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 (affine: slope 1, intercept 2)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:              729,               540,               100;
  1:            19683,             21870,              8100,              1000;
  2:           531441,            787320,            437400,            108000,             10000;
  3:         14348907,          26572050,          19683000,           7290000,           1350000,            100000;
  4:        387420489,         860934420,         797161500,         393660000,         109350000,          16200000,          1000000;
  5:      10460353203,       27119434230,       30132704700,       18600435000,        6889050000,        1530900000,        189000000,         10000000;
  6:     282429536481,      836828256240,     1084777369200,      803538792000,      372008700000,      110224800000,      20412000000,       2160000000,       100000000;
  7:    7625597484987,    25418658283290,    37657271530800,    32543321076000,    18079622820000,     6696156600000,    1653372000000,     262440000000,     24300000000,     1000000000;
  8:  205891132094649,   762559748498700,  1270932914164500,  1255242384360000,   813583026900000,   361592456400000,  111602610000000,   23619600000000,   3280500000000,   270000000000,   10000000000;
  9: 5559060566555523, 22648024530411390, 41940786167428500, 46600873519365000, 34519165569900000, 17898826591800000, 6629195034000000, 1753755300000000, 324769500000000, 40095000000000, 2970000000000, 100000000000;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (27+10*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 729 + 540*x + 100*x^2.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 729 + 540*x + 100*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(27 + 10*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 729 + 540*x + 100*x^2; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (27 + 10*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.