Real-rooted atlas

A143495 → θ+1 → D+1

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(P_{n}(x) = \left(24 + 24\,x + 8\,x^{2} + x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-3}(x) + \left(6\,x + 5\,x^{2} + x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-3}'(x) + \left(-26 - 17\,x - 3\,x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-2}(x) + \left(-5\,x - 2\,x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-2}'(x) + \left(9 + 3\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(x\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 1\)
\(P_{2}(x) = 5 + 2\,x\)
\(P_{3}(x) = 23 + 20\,x + 3\,x^{2}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
111
2527
32320346
4101146484299
54319325079251967
61805552244401320155613248
774633122034923151602890240791903
8305811710262563681526844207056283508658715
9124511916292179474714106125274151011361006648894885276
105046054830482121429201226728059825851543122218652168726571037507185
1120381032516162080103243102061520631947802106720039868294354802686586011298076511
128211461129884306518361888821234964633135140265438536644466909346656812295410301100122450914078
133302299166584445233049977876439793932609162482531487089929541451921764665762026252814359406053313801320836365141
1413262340533952682422082875340049485221240567827410153564833071813214945744303158398444167523441181140242699686736170314183004839571
155320879431724158802013006542276337416821988051611845467038897426568017373917661148450218960871063479010261050807927719839486721212122072151659109523566
Technical details
Node id
n-6971c614b2c59504 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:one_plus_derivative
Fingerprint
f6-5b6f2fa511020690

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 1, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
   1:      1;
   2:      5,       2;
   3:     23,      20,        3;
   4:    101,     146,       48,        4;
   5:    431,     932,      507,       92,       5;
   6:   1805,    5522,     4440,     1320,     155,       6;
   7:   7463,   31220,    34923,    15160,    2890,     240,      7;
   8:  30581,  171026,   256368,   152684,   42070,    5628,    350,     8;
   9: 124511,  916292,  1794747,  1410612,  527415,  101136,  10066,   488,   9;
  10: 504605, 4830482, 12142920, 12267280, 5982585, 1543122, 218652, 16872, 657, 10;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (24+24*x+8*x^2+x^3)*P(n-3,x) + (6*x+5*x^2+x^3)*d/dx P(n-3,x) - (26+17*x+3*x^2)*P(n-2,x) - (5*x+2*x^2)*d/dx P(n-2,x) + (9+3*x)*P(n-1,x) + x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 4, with P(1,x) = 1, P(2,x) = 5 + 2*x, P(3,x) = 23 + 20*x + 3*x^2.
%t Mathematica
P[1, x_] := 1;
P[2, x_] := 5 + 2*x;
P[3, x_] := 23 + 20*x + 3*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(24 + 24*x + 8*x^2 + x^3)*P[n - 3, x] + (6*x + 5*x^2 + x^3)*D[P[n - 3, x], x] - (26 + 17*x + 3*x^2)*P[n - 2, x] - (5*x + 2*x^2)*D[P[n - 2, x], x] + (9 + 3*x)*P[n - 1, x] + x*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 5 + 2*x; v[3] = 23 + 20*x + 3*x^2; for(n = 4, N, my(i = n); v[i] = (24 + 24*x + 8*x^2 + x^3)*v[i - 3] + (6*x + 5*x^2 + x^3)*deriv(v[i - 3], x) - (26 + 17*x + 3*x^2)*v[i - 2] - (5*x + 2*x^2)*deriv(v[i - 2], x) + (9 + 3*x)*v[i - 1] + x*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};
T(10)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741
  5. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.