A038321 → basis A013609

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(18 + 14\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 324 + 504\,x + 196\,x^{2}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9Pn(1)
03245041961024
158321360810584274432768
2104976326592381024197568384161048576
318895687348320114307208890560345744053782433554432
4340122241587237123086294403200601601867017605808499275295361073741824
561222003233331979527777461888100818950407841473920365935449694872153610541350434359738368
61101996057668568643584186659085312290358577152282293061120175649015808683079505921517954457614757890561099511627776
719835929036813885150325764319824545792783968158310491462951802887113785140224368862933196812295431106562390778270722066104678435184372088832

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-53dc6d1eeb1907f4 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013609
Fingerprint
f6-27210632b0078bca

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 (affine: slope 1, intercept 2)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:            324,             504,              196;
  1:           5832,           13608,            10584,             2744;
  2:         104976,          326592,           381024,           197568,            38416;
  3:        1889568,         7348320,         11430720,          8890560,          3457440,           537824;
  4:       34012224,       158723712,        308629440,        320060160,        186701760,         58084992,          7529536;
  5:      612220032,      3333197952,       7777461888,      10081895040,       7841473920,       3659354496,        948721536,        105413504;
  6:    11019960576,     68568643584,     186659085312,     290358577152,     282293061120,     175649015808,      68307950592,      15179544576,       1475789056;
  7:   198359290368,   1388515032576,    4319824545792,    7839681583104,    9146295180288,    7113785140224,    3688629331968,    1229543110656,     239077827072,     20661046784;
  8:  3570467226624,  27770300651520,   97196052280320,  201591812136960,  274388855408640,  256096265048064,  165988319938560,   73772586639360,   21517004436480,   3718988421120,   289254654976;
  9: 64268410079232, 549851952900096, 2138313150167040, 4989397350389760, 7761284767272960, 8451176746586112, 6573137469566976, 3651743038648320, 1420122292807680, 368179853690880, 57272421685248, 4049565169664;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (18+14*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 324 + 504*x + 196*x^2.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 324 + 504*x + 196*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(18 + 14*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 324 + 504*x + 196*x^2; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (18 + 14*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-322a2e4c0bbd3231
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-322a2e4c0bbd3231
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-322a2e4c0bbd3231

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

Same fingerprint (2)

Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003