Real-rooted atlas

A088996 → basis A013609 → D

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernelinterlacing (weak)

Recurrence

\(\left(-1 + n\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(-9\,n - 12\,n x - 4\,n x^{2} + 12\,n^{2} + 20\,n^{2} x + 8\,n^{2} x^{2} - 4\,n^{3} - 8\,n^{3} x - 4\,n^{3} x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-2}(x) + \left(1 - 6\,n - 4\,n x + 4\,n^{2} + 4\,n^{2} x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 0\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 2\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13Pn(1)
00
122
2101626
368200144412
45962488340815368028
5641434312679925926419200187182
6818945313681365528173977611001602764805095206
712101529200816289105924810694444748160220769284515840158769432
820314440176737104654478464133836345616333612801190318592479840256825753605575988952
938183193037358506081589803569638459661888578803195205551601971233153974784112747806721672151040217972625850
107943995170862544387524141381964641154681194432206121761808024439320430081925299314176972025970688285453434880371589120009388105117650
11181227938220216087900127211543298604560363963588460167503930282656010573871802048010315887470156868820070998016300521649070087758087782400899245670400441748229296500
124498226032860583991580638163432875119506721206501808804288281779473039136045931224358759685333338222709504441236219619737625493417098076169798270831820802254961678745602354388664320022547513137533300
1312067773854535016938867053041201085975496325562442063178967730496109656177045923360202743256485109632272658169455975296268785390665445376192795136983963648981433264739942403366045877587148869844884730675206631528071168001240827055541302950
143479662840981950524928944017508403643566256306748881541136684090266688443292804411049808091585154738409849601398471695382491430415982266970558234624136722085045285478408647940743187824640393164684234755276812167552022903521282297679428085350401999660772229120073238209152183409950
Technical details
Node id
n-52ee2455242265e3 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:derivative
Fingerprint
f6-50b84d4aac9daf21

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:         0;
  1:         2;
  2:        10,         16;
  3:        68,        200,         144;
  4:       596,       2488,        3408,        1536;
  5:      6414,      34312,       67992,       59264,       19200;
  6:     81894,     531368,     1365528,     1739776,     1100160,      276480;
  7:   1210152,    9200816,    28910592,    48106944,    44748160,    22076928,     4515840;
  8:  20314440,  176737104,   654478464,  1338363456,  1633361280,  1190318592,   479840256,    82575360;
  9: 381831930, 3735850608, 15898035696, 38459661888, 57880319520, 55516019712, 33153974784, 11274780672, 1672151040;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (n-1)*P(n,x) = -(4*n^3-12*n^2+9*n+(8*n^3-20*n^2+12*n)*x+(4*n^3-8*n^2+4*n)*x^2)*P(n-2,x) + (4*n^2-6*n+1+(4*n^2-4*n)*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 0, P(1,x) = 2.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 0;
P[1, x_] := 2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[(-(4*n^3 - 12*n^2 + 9*n + (8*n^3 - 20*n^2 + 12*n)*x + (4*n^3 - 8*n^2 + 4*n)*x^2)*P[n - 2, x] + (4*n^2 - 6*n + 1 + (4*n^2 - 4*n)*x)*P[n - 1, x])/(n - 1)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 0; v[2] = 2; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (-(4*n^3 - 12*n^2 + 9*n + (8*n^3 - 20*n^2 + 12*n)*x + (4*n^3 - 8*n^2 + 4*n)*x^2)*v[i - 2] + (4*n^2 - 6*n + 1 + (4*n^2 - 4*n)*x)*v[i - 1])/(n - 1)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.