A130123 → basis A008277 → (θ+1)²
nonnegative coefficients
Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernelinterlacing (weak)
Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(-16\,x + 36\,x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-2}(x) + \left(-8\,x + 16\,x^{2} + 16\,x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-2}'(x) + \left(-4\,x^{2} + 16\,x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-2}''(x) + \left(2 + 8\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(4\,x - 8\,x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 2 + 8\,x\)
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 8 | 10 | ||||||
| 2 | 4 | 48 | 36 | 88 | |||||
| 3 | 8 | 224 | 432 | 128 | 792 | ||||
| 4 | 16 | 960 | 3600 | 2560 | 400 | 7536 | |||
| 5 | 32 | 3968 | 25920 | 33280 | 12000 | 1152 | 76352 | ||
| 6 | 64 | 16128 | 173376 | 358400 | 224000 | 48384 | 3136 | 823488 | |
| 7 | 128 | 65024 | 1112832 | 3483648 | 3360000 | 1225728 | 175616 | 8192 | 9431168 |
Compute more
?
Technical details
- Node id
n-483bdd27270bc439· revision 0 · JSON- Definition source
derived:theta_plus_one_squared- Fingerprint
f6-915ca4b22aed877c
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no
Matches ?
No OEIS matches.
Submission text ?
Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 2, 8; 2: 4, 48, 36; 3: 8, 224, 432, 128; 4: 16, 960, 3600, 2560, 400; 5: 32, 3968, 25920, 33280, 12000, 1152; 6: 64, 16128, 173376, 358400, 224000, 48384, 3136; 7: 128, 65024, 1112832, 3483648, 3360000, 1225728, 175616, 8192; 8: 256, 261120, 6969600, 31825920, 44486400, 24385536, 5795328, 589824, 20736; 9: 512, 1046528, 42992640, 279388160, 544320000, 420747264, 147517440, 24576000, 1866240, 51200;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = -(16*x-36*x^2)*P(n-2,x) - (8*x-16*x^2-16*x^3)*d/dx P(n-2,x) - (4*x^2-16*x^3)*d^2/dx^2 P(n-2,x) + (2+8*x)*P(n-1,x) + (4*x-8*x^2)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 2 + 8*x.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 2 + 8*x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[-(16*x - 36*x^2)*P[n - 2, x] - (8*x - 16*x^2 - 16*x^3)*D[P[n - 2, x], x] - (4*x^2 - 16*x^3)*D[P[n - 2, x], {x, 2}] + (2 + 8*x)*P[n - 1, x] + (4*x - 8*x^2)*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 2 + 8*x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = -(16*x - 36*x^2)*v[i - 2] - (8*x - 16*x^2 - 16*x^3)*deriv(v[i - 2], x) - (4*x^2 - 16*x^3)*deriv(deriv(v[i - 2], x), x) + (2 + 8*x)*v[i - 1] + (4*x - 8*x^2)*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)polytool c48629374597
Properties
- Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
-
Coefficients of one sign?
Every nonzero row, n ≥ 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
derived from Laguerre’s theorem on multiplier sequences
-
Hadamard kernel (Malo)?
Rows P_n, n ≥ 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
derived from Laguerre’s theorem on multiplier sequences
- Interlacing of consecutive rows? Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m ≥ 1
Proof chains ? JSON
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Laguerre’s theorem on multiplier sequences [SP14; Bra15, Thm 7.1 of arXiv:1410.6601] polytool ? step ›
- from basis_map_A008277 of Infinite lower triangular matrix with 2^k in the right diagonal and the rest zeros. Triangle, T(n,…?
Related ?
Same fingerprint ?
- A008277 → θ+1 → θ+1
- A008277 → (θ+1)² → reverse
- basis-map coefficients of A112227 → basis A008277 → (θ+1)²
- A048993 → D+1 → (θ+1)²
- basis-map coefficients of A021012 → basis A008277 → (θ+1)²
- A008277 → (θ+1)²
References
- [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
- [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
- [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741
- [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.