Real-rooted atlas

A013609 → basis A013609 → D

nonnegative coefficientsonly rational roots

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernelinterlacing (weak)

Recurrence

\(\left(-1 + n\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(3\,n + 4\,n x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 0\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 4\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13Pn(1)
00
144
2243256
3108288192588
44321728230410245488
5162086401728015360512048020
65832388801036801382409216024576403368
7204121632965443209676809676805160961146883294172
8699846531842612736580608077414406193152275251252428826353376
923619625194241175731231352832522547205573836837158912141557762359296207532836
1078732094478405038848015676416031352832041803776037158912021233664070778880104857601614144280
11259815634642080207852480739031040172440576027590492163065610240233570304011678515203460300804613734412428910956
12850305612471148883140992033256396808868372480165542952962207239372821021327360140142182406228541440166094438420132659294911683664
1327634932442158912324249868814411105280432333158409223107379214347055923216396635340813663862784080971038720323884154887851737088872415232719746934452
148928208815475561921238044953660526642176201755473920484213137408860823355392114776447385611477644738568501959065604534378168321648864788483664143974437580963845425784582792
Technical details
Node id
n-1efcadd9b290eda8 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:derivative
Fingerprint
f6-c91d5d506c107735

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:      0;
  1:      4;
  2:     24,      32;
  3:    108,     288,      192;
  4:    432,    1728,     2304,     1024;
  5:   1620,    8640,    17280,    15360,     5120;
  6:   5832,   38880,   103680,   138240,    92160,    24576;
  7:  20412,  163296,   544320,   967680,   967680,   516096,   114688;
  8:  69984,  653184,  2612736,  5806080,  7741440,  6193152,  2752512,   524288;
  9: 236196, 2519424, 11757312, 31352832, 52254720, 55738368, 37158912, 14155776, 2359296;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (n-1)*P(n,x) = (3*n+4*n*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 0, P(1,x) = 4.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 0;
P[1, x_] := 4;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((3*n + 4*n*x)*P[n - 1, x])/(n - 1)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 0; v[2] = 4; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((3*n + 4*n*x)*v[i - 1])/(n - 1)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

Same fingerprint ?

References

  1. [ASW52] Michael Aissen, I. J. Schoenberg and A. M. Whitney. On the generating functions of totally positive sequences I. Journal d’Analyse Mathématique, 2(1):93–103, 1952. doi:10.1007/BF02786970
  2. [AW24] Christos A. Athanasiadis and David G. Wagner. Veronese sections and interlacing matrices of polynomials and formal power series. arXiv:2404.12989. arXiv
  3. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  4. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  5. [Edr53] Albert Edrei. Proof of a Conjecture of Schoenberg on the Generating Function of a Totally Positive Sequence. Canadian Journal of Mathematics, 5:86–94, 1953. doi:10.4153/CJM-1953-010-3
  6. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  7. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.