A225471 → basis A013611
nonnegative coefficients only rational roots
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| 1 | 4 | 4 | 8 | ||||||
| 2 | 32 | 48 | 16 | 96 | |||||
| 3 | 384 | 704 | 384 | 64 | 1536 | ||||
| 4 | 6144 | 12800 | 8960 | 2560 | 256 | 30720 | |||
| 5 | 122880 | 280576 | 230400 | 87040 | 15360 | 1024 | 737280 | ||
| 6 | 2949120 | 7225344 | 6651904 | 3010560 | 716800 | 86016 | 4096 | 20643840 | |
| 7 | 82575360 | 214106112 | 215154688 | 110903296 | 32112640 | 5275648 | 458752 | 16384 | 660602880 |
Generated b-files: A034177 (row sums) ?
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-f4e656360cd62235· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013611- Fingerprint
f6-34eaf45657600f7a
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
OEIS matches ?
- A052570: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS
- A034177: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS · generated b-file 200 terms from n = 1 ?
A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 4, 4; 2: 32, 48, 16; 3: 384, 704, 384, 64; 4: 6144, 12800, 8960, 2560, 256; 5: 122880, 280576, 230400, 87040, 15360, 1024; 6: 2949120, 7225344, 6651904, 3010560, 716800, 86016, 4096; 7: 82575360, 214106112, 215154688, 110903296, 32112640, 5275648, 458752, 16384; 8: 2642411520, 7181697024, 7741374464, 4409524224, 1471217664, 297271296, 35782656, 2359296, 65536; 9: 95126814720, 269110738944, 307416268800, 189708369920, 70601932800, 16586637312, 2477260800, 228065280, 11796480, 262144;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (4*n+4*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(4*n + 4*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (4*n + 4*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
-
Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-a967cf092a6717a9 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-a967cf092a6717a9 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-a967cf092a6717a9
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A013611
e-a967cf092a6717a9Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle read by rows, s_4(n, k) where s_m(n, k) are the Stirling-Frobenius cycle numbers of order m; n >= 0, k >= 0.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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theorem_check liu_wang
e-dad3570ee638379froot: theorem checkLiu–Wang theorem [LW07, Thm 2.1, Cor 2.4] ?
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parent_provers root_domain
e-381fad74fe44e78aroot: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
-
-
premise (sequence):
Triangle read by rows, s_4(n, k) where s_m(n, k) are the Stirling-Frobenius cycle numbers of order m; n >= 0, k >= 0.
Related sequences ?
Same fingerprint (6)
Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.
- A094638: Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = |s(n,n+1-k)|, where s(n,k) are the signed Stirling numbers of the first kind A…
- A130534: Triangle T(n,k), 0 <= k <= n, read by rows, giving coefficients of the polynomial (x+1)(x+2)...(x+n), expanded…
- A132393: Triangle of unsigned Stirling numbers of the first kind (see A048994), read by rows, T(n,k) for 0 <= k <= n.
- A028338 → basis A013609
- A225470 → basis A013610
- A132393 → reverse
References
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003