A358735 → basis A008288
nonnegative coefficients
Proved for all n: all roots real, in [−3−2√2, −3+2√2] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||
| 2 | 7 | 10 | 2 | 19 | |||||
| 3 | 33 | 88 | 46 | 6 | 173 | ||||
| 4 | 191 | 778 | 762 | 244 | 24 | 1999 | |||
| 5 | 1304 | 7263 | 11268 | 6492 | 1508 | 120 | 27955 | ||
| 6 | 10241 | 72968 | 161112 | 144476 | 58600 | 10728 | 720 | 458845 | |
| 7 | 90865 | 792816 | 2317324 | 2952204 | 1827472 | 571648 | 86616 | 5040 | 8643985 |
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-ee5b69bc1fbff350· revision 2 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A008288- Fingerprint
f6-397861419350734b
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no
OEIS matches ?
No OEIS matches.
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 2, 1; 2: 7, 10, 2; 3: 33, 88, 46, 6; 4: 191, 778, 762, 244, 24; 5: 1304, 7263, 11268, 6492, 1508, 120; 6: 10241, 72968, 161112, 144476, 58600, 10728, 720; 7: 90865, 792816, 2317324, 2952204, 1827472, 571648, 86616, 5040; 8: 898409, 9309024, 34244032, 58117724, 50577688, 23754776, 6050912, 783648, 40320; 9: 9791634, 117777801, 525759196, 1133657668, 1309445980, 855140280, 322796224, 69400368, 7859232, 362880;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy (n^2-3*n+2)*P(n,x) = -(n^2-n)*P(n-4,x) + (n^3+n^2-4*n+(n^3-3*n^2+2*n)*x)*P(n-3,x) - (2*n^3-8*n+2-(n^4-6*n^3+11*n^2-6*n)*x)*P(n-2,x) + (n^3+n^2-8*n+4+(n^3-3*n^2+2*n)*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 4, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 2 + x, P(2,x) = 7 + 10*x + 2*x^2, P(3,x) = 33 + 88*x + 46*x^2 + 6*x^3.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 2 + x;
P[2, x_] := 7 + 10*x + 2*x^2;
P[3, x_] := 33 + 88*x + 46*x^2 + 6*x^3;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[(-(n^2 - n)*P[n - 4, x] + (n^3 + n^2 - 4*n + (n^3 - 3*n^2 + 2*n)*x)*P[n - 3, x] - (2*n^3 - 8*n + 2 - (n^4 - 6*n^3 + 11*n^2 - 6*n)*x)*P[n - 2, x] + (n^3 + n^2 - 8*n + 4 + (n^3 - 3*n^2 + 2*n)*x)*P[n - 1, x])/(n^2 - 3*n + 2)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 2 + x; v[3] = 7 + 10*x + 2*x^2; v[4] = 33 + 88*x + 46*x^2 + 6*x^3; for(n = 4, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (-(n^2 - n)*v[i - 4] + (n^3 + n^2 - 4*n + (n^3 - 3*n^2 + 2*n)*x)*v[i - 3] - (2*n^3 - 8*n + 2 - (n^4 - 6*n^3 + 11*n^2 - 6*n)*x)*v[i - 2] + (n^3 + n^2 - 8*n + 4 + (n^3 - 3*n^2 + 2*n)*x)*v[i - 1])/(n^2 - 3*n + 2)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
-
Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in [-1564556493/268435456, -46056243/268435456]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-393d995dcff5ebfb -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-393d995dcff5ebfb,e-fca58ee161653196 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-393d995dcff5ebfb,e-fca58ee161653196 -
Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in [−3−2√2, −3+2√2] (rational outer bound [-1564556493/268435456, -46056243/268435456])
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-fca58ee161653196
Proof chains
2 incoming proof steps. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
-
basis_map A008288
e-393d995dcff5ebfbAffine-current basis map theorem polytool RealRooted orderTwoConstants_nonneg_iff ?
-
premise (sequence):
Triangular array read by rows. T(n, k) is the coefficient of x^k in a(n+3) where a(1) = a(2) = a(3) = 1 and a(m+2) = (m…
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in [-2, 0]
-
theorem_check three_term_recurrence
e-67c88de355bdef8broot: theorem checkThree-term recurrence criterion [Sze39, §3.3; Fav35] polytool ?
-
-
premise (sequence):
Triangular array read by rows. T(n, k) is the coefficient of x^k in a(n+3) where a(1) = a(2) = a(3) = 1 and a(m+2) = (m…
-
basis_map A008288
e-fca58ee161653196Affine-current basis map theorem polytool RealRooted orderTwoConstants_nonneg_iff ?
-
premise (sequence):
Triangular array read by rows. T(n, k) is the coefficient of x^k in a(n+3) where a(1) = a(2) = a(3) = 1 and a(m+2) = (m…
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in [-2, 0]
-
premise (sequence):
Triangular array read by rows. T(n, k) is the coefficient of x^k in a(n+3) where a(1) = a(2) = a(3) = 1 and a(m+2) = (m…
Related sequences ?
No candidate equalities or related sequences.
References
- [Fav35] Jean Favard. Sur les polynômes de tchebicheff. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200:2052–2053, 1935.
- [Sze39] G. Szegő. Orthogonal Polynomials. Colloquium publications, American Mathematical Society, 1939. doi:10.1090/coll/023