A116414 → basis A013611

OEIS matches ?

• A190980: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

Triangle begins:
  0:      1;
  1:      5,       4;
  2:     22,      40,       16;
  3:     95,     276,      240,       64;
  4:    409,    1640,     2256,     1280,      256;
  5:   1760,    9008,    17120,    15232,     6400,     1024;
  6:   7573,   47160,   114864,   140800,    92160,    30720,     4096;
  7:  32585,  239068,   711600,  1117760,  1004800,   519168,   143360,    16384;
  8: 140206, 1184200,  4169680,  8012800,  9218560,  6522880,  2781184,   655360,   65536;
  9: 603275, 5764620, 23450400, 53389440, 75129600, 67931136, 39567360, 14352384, 2949120, 262144;

The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = -3*P(n-2,x) + (5+4*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 5 + 4*x.

P[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 5 + 4*x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[-3*P[n - 2, x] + (5 + 4*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten

P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 5 + 4*x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = -3*v[i - 2] + (5 + 4*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Proved properties

• Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
  Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
  by the cited steps: e-d51f77f219fe581b
• Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
  All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
  derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-d51f77f219fe581b
• Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
  Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
  derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-d51f77f219fe581b
• Interlacing of consecutive rows. Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m >= 1
  The roots of consecutive polynomials alternate on the real line.
  by the cited steps: e-d51f77f219fe581b

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

• basis_map A013611 e-d51f77f219fe581b

  Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?

  • premise (sequence): Riordan array (1/((1-x)(1-3x)),x/((1-x)(1-3x))).
    uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    • theorem_check three_term_recurrence e-894010de7c322dc8 root: theorem check

      Three-term recurrence criterion [Sze39, §3.3; Fav35] polytool ?

    • theorem_check three_term_recurrence e-7bedda0241d23786 root: theorem check

      Three-term recurrence criterion [Sze39, §3.3; Fav35] polytool ?

Related sequences ?

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

1. [Fav35] Jean Favard. Sur les polynômes de tchebicheff. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200:2052–2053, 1935.
2. [Sze39] G. Szegő. Orthogonal Polynomials. Colloquium publications, American Mathematical Society, 1939. doi:10.1090/coll/023