Real-rooted atlas

A001263 → basis A013610 → θ+1

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernelinterlacing (weak)

Recurrence

\(\left(4 + 6\,n + 6\,n x + 2\,n^{2} + 9\,n^{2} x + 3\,n^{3} x\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(4 + 12\,n + 42\,n x + 18\,n x^{2} + 8\,n^{2} + 54\,n^{2} x + 63\,n^{2} x^{2} + 12\,n^{3} x + 27\,n^{3} x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(-4\,x - 18\,x^{2} - 18\,x^{3} - 4\,n x - 27\,n x^{2} - 45\,n x^{3} - 6\,n^{2} x^{2} - 18\,n^{2} x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7Pn(1)
011
1268
25302762
314126243108491
442504151215124053975
513219808100129608100145832730
64297722400958910091125393665103272940
7143030030189189540540779625561330178605174962298245

All 15 rows

Technical details
Node id
n-dde27a69952a734a · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:theta_plus_one
Fingerprint
f6-dd59c026d8f1acc2

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:     1;
  1:     2,      6;
  2:     5,     30,      27;
  3:    14,    126,     243,      108;
  4:    42,    504,    1512,     1512,      405;
  5:   132,   1980,    8100,    12960,     8100,     1458;
  6:   429,   7722,   40095,    89100,    91125,    39366,     5103;
  7:  1430,  30030,  189189,   540540,   779625,   561330,   178605,    17496;
  8:  4862, 116688,  864864,  3027024,  5675670,  5837832,  3143448,   769824,   59049;
  9: 16796, 453492, 3866616, 16039296, 37149840, 50152284, 39007332, 16376256, 3188646, 196830;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (2*n^2+6*n+4+(3*n^3+9*n^2+6*n)*x)*P(n,x) = (8*n^2+12*n+4+(12*n^3+54*n^2+42*n)*x+(27*n^3+63*n^2+18*n)*x^2)*P(n-1,x) - ((4*n+4)*x+(6*n^2+27*n+18)*x^2+(18*n^2+45*n+18)*x^3)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((8*n^2 + 12*n + 4 + (12*n^3 + 54*n^2 + 42*n)*x + (27*n^3 + 63*n^2 + 18*n)*x^2)*P[n - 1, x] - ((4*n + 4)*x + (6*n^2 + 27*n + 18)*x^2 + (18*n^2 + 45*n + 18)*x^3)*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(2*n^2 + 6*n + 4 + (3*n^3 + 9*n^2 + 6*n)*x)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((8*n^2 + 12*n + 4 + (12*n^3 + 54*n^2 + 42*n)*x + (27*n^3 + 63*n^2 + 18*n)*x^2)*v[i - 1] - ((4*n + 4)*x + (6*n^2 + 27*n + 18)*x^2 + (18*n^2 + 45*n + 18)*x^3)*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(2*n^2 + 6*n + 4 + (3*n^3 + 9*n^2 + 6*n)*x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

Same fingerprint ?

References

  1. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  2. [Fav35] Jean Favard. Sur les polynômes de tchebicheff. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200:2052–2053, 1935.
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.
  5. [Sze39] G. Szegő. Orthogonal Polynomials. Colloquium publications, American Mathematical Society, 1939. doi:10.1090/coll/023