Real-rooted atlas

A008278 → x ↦ x+1 → reverse

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(P_{n}(x) = \left(1 + 4\,x + 2\,x^{2} - n x - n x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(x + 2\,x^{2} + x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
111
2123
315511
4110231549
51197610952257
61362245315442031539
716963122043641287687710299
8113417498471200892520816113414075905
912634838313311001711776311785649549521147609441
101520134541138074718271109473155978813024515971551159755284451
1111033377534107062151150644582311887800137806569812188392924367857049134923
121205810705114825159632314357999968319934612556733312344242876447966271323244213597487026929
1314107306736537422542750566193307542550769220103933672613228217871126307324616159974196122796276444375120905441
1418204887340196113071891885701025976095351338001280630794541275812766714003320332104969311585136151320148053128519089932256878092067
151163972588171721354008381255755392177790218649868595981020688411441872728115544536493114969884672710009291493444253777751116471945731382958545664920021819
Technical details
Node id
n-d961a4f20e2a1bc7 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:reversal
Fingerprint
f6-629d13292f83019a

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 1, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
   1: 1;
   2: 1,   2;
   3: 1,   5,     5;
   4: 1,  10,    23,     15;
   5: 1,  19,    76,    109,     52;
   6: 1,  36,   224,    531,    544,     203;
   7: 1,  69,   631,   2204,   3641,    2876,     877;
   8: 1, 134,  1749,   8471,  20089,   25208,   16113,    4140;
   9: 1, 263,  4838,  31331, 100171,  177631,  178564,   95495,  21147;
  10: 1, 520, 13454, 113807, 471827, 1109473, 1559788, 1302451, 597155, 115975;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (1-(n-4)*x-(n-2)*x^2)*P(n-1,x) + (x+2*x^2+x^3)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(1,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[1, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(1 - (n - 4)*x - (n - 2)*x^2)*P[n - 1, x] + (x + 2*x^2 + x^3)*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n); v[i] = (1 - (n - 4)*x - (n - 2)*x^2)*v[i - 1] + (x + 2*x^2 + x^3)*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};
T(10)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

Candidate equalities ?

Same fingerprint ?

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741
  5. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.