A038319 → basis A013609

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(16 + 10\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 256 + 320\,x + 100\,x^{2}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14x15x16Pn(1)
0256320100676
1409676804800100017576
2655361638401536006400010000456976
3104857632768004096000256000080000010000011881376
4167772166291456098304000819200003840000096000001000000308915776
52684354561174405120220200960022937600001433600000537600000112000000100000008031810176
64294967296214748364804697620480058720256000458752000002293760000071680000001280000000100000000208827064576
76871947673638654705664096636764160014092861440001321205760000825753600000344064000000921600000001440000000010000000005429503678976
81099511627776687194767360019327352832000322122547200003523215360000026424115200000137625600000004915200000000115200000000016000000000010000000000141167095653376
917592186044416120946279055360377957122048000708669603840000885837004800000775107379200000484442112000000216268800000000675840000000001408000000000017600000000001000000000003670344486987776
1028147497671065621110623253299207256776743321600151182848819200002126008811520000021260088115200000155021475840000008304721920000000324403200000000090112000000000016896000000000019200000000000100000000000095428956661682176
1145035996273704963659174697238528013721905114644480031446032554393600049134425866240000055276229099520000046063524249600000028789702656000000013495173120000000046858240000000000117145600000000001996800000000000208000000000000100000000000002481152873203736576
12720575940379279366305039478318694402561422288066969600640355572016742400011006111394037760000137576392425472000001289778678988800000092127048499200000005038197964800000000209924915200000000065601536000000000014909440000000000023296000000000000224000000000000010000000000000064509974703297150976
13115292150460684697610808639105689190400472877960873902080001280711144033484800002401333395062784000003301833418211328000003439409810636800000002763811454976000000001727382159360000000008396996608000000000031488737280000000000894566400000000000018636800000000000002688000000000000002400000000000000010000000000000001677259342285725925376
1418446744073709551616184467440737095516160864691128455135232000252201579132747776000051228445761339392000007684266864200908800000880488911523020800000078615081385984000000005527622909952000000000307090161664000000000013435194572800000000004580179968000000000001192755200000000000002293760000000000000030720000000000000002560000000000000001000000000000000043608742899428874059776

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-cf1de4f27da354f5 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013609
Fingerprint
f6-4b28493176e02e0b

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 (affine: slope 1, intercept 2)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:            256,             320,             100;
  1:           4096,            7680,            4800,            1000;
  2:          65536,          163840,          153600,           64000,           10000;
  3:        1048576,         3276800,         4096000,         2560000,          800000,          100000;
  4:       16777216,        62914560,        98304000,        81920000,        38400000,         9600000,         1000000;
  5:      268435456,      1174405120,      2202009600,      2293760000,      1433600000,       537600000,       112000000,        10000000;
  6:     4294967296,     21474836480,     46976204800,     58720256000,     45875200000,     22937600000,      7168000000,      1280000000,      100000000;
  7:    68719476736,    386547056640,    966367641600,   1409286144000,   1321205760000,    825753600000,    344064000000,     92160000000,    14400000000,     1000000000;
  8:  1099511627776,   6871947673600,  19327352832000,  32212254720000,  35232153600000,  26424115200000,  13762560000000,   4915200000000,  1152000000000,   160000000000,   10000000000;
  9: 17592186044416, 120946279055360, 377957122048000, 708669603840000, 885837004800000, 775107379200000, 484442112000000, 216268800000000, 67584000000000, 14080000000000, 1760000000000, 100000000000;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (16+10*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 256 + 320*x + 100*x^2.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 256 + 320*x + 100*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(16 + 10*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 256 + 320*x + 100*x^2; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (16 + 10*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-772e88d8a50e6734
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-772e88d8a50e6734
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-772e88d8a50e6734

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

Same fingerprint (3)

Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003