Real-rooted atlas

Veronese parent of A098172 → Veronese 3 (j=1) → x ↦ x+1

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, −1]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(P_{n}(x) = \left(2 + 5\,x + 4\,x^{2} + x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-3}(x) + \left(-3 - 6\,x - 3\,x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-2}(x) + \left(3 + 3\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 1\)
\(P_{2}(x) = 1 + x\)
\(P_{3}(x) = 1 + 2\,x + x^{2}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
111
2112
31214
4254112
5516188148
611457050151192
722110221224116261720
8432526168055952384212592
98556816242576245014004486419216
1017012754167774889616600302579293132832
1134128401045522310303802734216240613013351301117504
12683625925652618539704210333475460372021180321671761421632
13136613660616941659362949253630563151121922008035621780341023211513728
142731295881459774332388603531202409121001488077645828916517838753522629915432832
155461637143408861106378242751637967024346433367801222923811033942325416667947826378119491840
Technical details
Node id
n-ca7afa7f470adc32 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:shift_x_plus_one
Fingerprint
f6-25702fda18829c85

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 1, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
   1:   1;
   2:   1,    1;
   3:   1,    2,    1;
   4:   2,    5,    4,    1;
   5:   5,   16,   18,    8,    1;
   6:  11,   45,   70,   50,   15,    1;
   7:  22,  110,  221,  224,  116,   26,    1;
   8:  43,  252,  616,  805,  595,  238,   42,   1;
   9:  85,  568, 1624, 2576, 2450, 1400,  448,  64,  1;
  10: 170, 1275, 4167, 7748, 8961, 6600, 3025, 792, 93, 1;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (2+5*x+4*x^2+x^3)*P(n-3,x) - (3+6*x+3*x^2)*P(n-2,x) + (3+3*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 4, with P(1,x) = 1, P(2,x) = 1 + x, P(3,x) = 1 + 2*x + x^2.
%t Mathematica
P[1, x_] := 1;
P[2, x_] := 1 + x;
P[3, x_] := 1 + 2*x + x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(2 + 5*x + 4*x^2 + x^3)*P[n - 3, x] - (3 + 6*x + 3*x^2)*P[n - 2, x] + (3 + 3*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 1 + x; v[3] = 1 + 2*x + x^2; for(n = 4, N, my(i = n); v[i] = (2 + 5*x + 4*x^2 + x^3)*v[i - 3] - (3 + 6*x + 3*x^2)*v[i - 2] + (3 + 3*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};
T(10)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

References

  1. [ASW52] Michael Aissen, I. J. Schoenberg and A. M. Whitney. On the generating functions of totally positive sequences I. Journal d’Analyse Mathématique, 2(1):93–103, 1952. doi:10.1007/BF02786970
  2. [AW24] Christos A. Athanasiadis and David G. Wagner. Veronese sections and interlacing matrices of polynomials and formal power series. arXiv:2404.12989. arXiv
  3. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  4. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  5. [Edr53] Albert Edrei. Proof of a Conjecture of Schoenberg on the Generating Function of a Totally Positive Sequence. Canadian Journal of Mathematics, 5:86–94, 1953. doi:10.4153/CJM-1953-010-3
  6. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.