A269944 → basis A007318
nonnegative coefficients only rational roots
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
| 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | |||||
| 3 | 10 | 17 | 8 | 1 | 36 | ||||
| 4 | 100 | 180 | 97 | 18 | 1 | 396 | |||
| 5 | 1700 | 3160 | 1829 | 403 | 35 | 1 | 7128 | ||
| 6 | 44200 | 83860 | 50714 | 12307 | 1313 | 61 | 1 | 192456 | |
| 7 | 1635400 | 3147020 | 1960278 | 506073 | 60888 | 3570 | 98 | 1 | 7313328 |
Generated b-files: A375041 (reversed triangle) ?
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-c5818ec04781ce60· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A007318- Fingerprint
f6-e90640f2cfea9e20
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
OEIS matches ?
- A375041: reversed triangle, 46 terms agree, 8 full rows row lengths from the atlas (tabf) OEIS nonn · view at the OEIS · generated b-file 989 terms from n = 1 ?
A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 1, 1; 2: 2, 3, 1; 3: 10, 17, 8, 1; 4: 100, 180, 97, 18, 1; 5: 1700, 3160, 1829, 403, 35, 1; 6: 44200, 83860, 50714, 12307, 1313, 61, 1; 7: 1635400, 3147020, 1960278, 506073, 60888, 3570, 98, 1; 8: 81770000, 158986400, 101160920, 27263928, 3550473, 239388, 8470, 148, 1; 9: 5315050000, 10415886000, 6734446200, 1873316240, 258044673, 19110693, 789938, 18090, 213, 1;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (n^2-2*n+2+x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(n^2 - 2*n + 2 + x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (n^2 - 2*n + 2 + x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
A375041: reversed triangle, offset 1, from the row P1
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 1: 1, 1; 2: 1, 3, 2; 3: 1, 8, 17, 10; 4: 1, 18, 97, 180, 100; 5: 1, 35, 403, 1829, 3160, 1700; 6: 1, 61, 1313, 12307, 50714, 83860, 44200; 7: 1, 98, 3570, 60888, 506073, 1960278, 3147020, 1635400; 8: 1, 148, 8470, 239388, 3550473, 27263928, 101160920, 158986400, 81770000; 9: 1, 213, 18090, 789938, 19110693, 258044673, 1873316240, 6734446200, 10415886000, 5315050000; 10: 1, 295, 35556, 2273318, 83885609, 1825121499, 23032979426, 160346377880, 562640474400, 859417702000, 435834100000;
%F FormulaRow n lists the coefficients of P(n,x) in descending powers of x, where P(n,x) = (n^2-2*n+2+x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(1,x) = 1 + x.
%t MathematicaP[1, x_] := 1 + x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(n^2 - 2*n + 2 + x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[Reverse[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x]], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 1 + x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n); v[i] = (n^2 - 2*n + 2 + x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c = Vecrev(c); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};
T(10)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
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Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-fc45cb3590dab8d3 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-fc45cb3590dab8d3 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-fc45cb3590dab8d3
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A007318
e-fc45cb3590dab8d3Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle read by rows, Stirling cycle numbers of order 2, T(n, n) = 1, T(n, k) = 0 if k < 0 or k > n, otherwise T(n, k)…
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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parent_provers root_domain
e-aa0ec4b5da096d18root: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle read by rows, Stirling cycle numbers of order 2, T(n, n) = 1, T(n, k) = 0 if k < 0 or k > n, otherwise T(n, k)…
Related sequences ?
No candidate equalities or related sequences.