Real-rooted atlas

A125092 → D+1 → D

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(P_{n}(x) = \left(1 + 5\,x + 10\,x^{2} + 10\,x^{3} + 5\,x^{4} + x^{5}\right)\,P_{n-5}(x) + \left(-5 - 20\,x - 30\,x^{2} - 20\,x^{3} - 5\,x^{4}\right)\,P_{n-4}(x) + \left(10 + 30\,x + 30\,x^{2} + 10\,x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-3}(x) + \left(-10 - 20\,x - 10\,x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-2}(x) + \left(5 + 5\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 0\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 4\)
\(P_{2}(x) = 26 + 18\,x\)
\(P_{3}(x) = 66 + 150\,x + 48\,x^{2}\)
\(P_{4}(x) = 124 + 492\,x + 492\,x^{2} + 100\,x^{3}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6Pn(1)
00
144
2261844
36615048264
41244924921001208
52001140198012201804720
6294219054605820255029416608
74063738121801862014070474644854208

All 15 rows

Technical details
Node id
n-c39c39858bd879ae · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:derivative
Fingerprint
f6-247274a7023599a1

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:   0;
  1:   4;
  2:  26,   18;
  3:  66,  150,    48;
  4: 124,  492,   492,    100;
  5: 200, 1140,  1980,   1220,    180;
  6: 294, 2190,  5460,   5820,   2550,    294;
  7: 406, 3738, 12180,  18620,  14070,   4746,   448;
  8: 536, 5880, 23688,  47320,  51240,  29736,  8120,   648;
  9: 684, 8712, 41832, 103320, 146160, 121464, 56952, 13032, 900;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (1+5*x+10*x^2+10*x^3+5*x^4+x^5)*P(n-5,x) - (5+20*x+30*x^2+20*x^3+5*x^4)*P(n-4,x) + (10+30*x+30*x^2+10*x^3)*P(n-3,x) - (10+20*x+10*x^2)*P(n-2,x) + (5+5*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 5, with P(0,x) = 0, P(1,x) = 4, P(2,x) = 26 + 18*x, P(3,x) = 66 + 150*x + 48*x^2, P(4,x) = 124 + 492*x + 492*x^2 + 100*x^3.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 0;
P[1, x_] := 4;
P[2, x_] := 26 + 18*x;
P[3, x_] := 66 + 150*x + 48*x^2;
P[4, x_] := 124 + 492*x + 492*x^2 + 100*x^3;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(1 + 5*x + 10*x^2 + 10*x^3 + 5*x^4 + x^5)*P[n - 5, x] - (5 + 20*x + 30*x^2 + 20*x^3 + 5*x^4)*P[n - 4, x] + (10 + 30*x + 30*x^2 + 10*x^3)*P[n - 3, x] - (10 + 20*x + 10*x^2)*P[n - 2, x] + (5 + 5*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 0; v[2] = 4; v[3] = 26 + 18*x; v[4] = 66 + 150*x + 48*x^2; v[5] = 124 + 492*x + 492*x^2 + 100*x^3; for(n = 5, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (1 + 5*x + 10*x^2 + 10*x^3 + 5*x^4 + x^5)*v[i - 5] - (5 + 20*x + 30*x^2 + 20*x^3 + 5*x^4)*v[i - 4] + (10 + 30*x + 30*x^2 + 10*x^3)*v[i - 3] - (10 + 20*x + 10*x^2)*v[i - 2] + (5 + 5*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

References

  1. [ASW52] Michael Aissen, I. J. Schoenberg and A. M. Whitney. On the generating functions of totally positive sequences I. Journal d’Analyse Mathématique, 2(1):93–103, 1952. doi:10.1007/BF02786970
  2. [AW24] Christos A. Athanasiadis and David G. Wagner. Veronese sections and interlacing matrices of polynomials and formal power series. arXiv:2404.12989. arXiv
  3. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  4. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  5. [Edr53] Albert Edrei. Proof of a Conjecture of Schoenberg on the Generating Function of a Totally Positive Sequence. Canadian Journal of Mathematics, 5:86–94, 1953. doi:10.4153/CJM-1953-010-3
  6. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  7. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.