A207607 → basis A007318
nonnegative coefficients
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−5, −1) · coefficients of one sign · interlacing (weak) · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | x10 | x11 | x12 | x13 | x14 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | |||||||||||||
| 2 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 19 | ||||||||||||
| 3 | 21 | 33 | 15 | 2 | 71 | |||||||||||
| 4 | 55 | 111 | 76 | 21 | 2 | 265 | ||||||||||
| 5 | 144 | 355 | 324 | 137 | 27 | 2 | 989 | |||||||||
| 6 | 377 | 1098 | 1251 | 714 | 216 | 33 | 2 | 3691 | ||||||||
| 7 | 987 | 3316 | 4527 | 3256 | 1335 | 313 | 39 | 2 | 13775 | |||||||
| 8 | 2584 | 9837 | 15646 | 13581 | 7045 | 2241 | 428 | 45 | 2 | 51409 | ||||||
| 9 | 6765 | 28779 | 52248 | 53133 | 33381 | 13455 | 3486 | 561 | 51 | 2 | 191861 | |||||
| 10 | 17711 | 83265 | 169877 | 198066 | 146231 | 71505 | 23485 | 5124 | 712 | 57 | 2 | 716035 | ||||
| 11 | 46368 | 238727 | 540648 | 710942 | 603378 | 347291 | 138474 | 38296 | 7209 | 881 | 63 | 2 | 2672279 | |||
| 12 | 121393 | 679284 | 1690794 | 2475408 | 2374845 | 1573746 | 739228 | 248238 | 59211 | 9795 | 1068 | 69 | 2 | 9973081 | ||
| 13 | 317811 | 1920518 | 5211018 | 8406076 | 8996565 | 6748792 | 3652956 | 1445646 | 418662 | 87715 | 12936 | 1273 | 75 | 2 | 37220045 | |
| 14 | 832040 | 5400081 | 15862778 | 27953838 | 33020926 | 27669195 | 16968432 | 7741656 | 2642421 | 672012 | 125455 | 16686 | 1496 | 81 | 2 | 138907099 |
Generated b-files: A001834 (row sums) ?
Computed in your browser ?
Other recurrences
X ↦ x+1 substitution · proved equal for all n (proof step)
Technical details
- Node id
n-c2648604ab227c74· revision 2 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A007318derived:shift_x_plus_one(equal bye-11e03be131215839)- Fingerprint
f6-2b83e2879aa49b31
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no
OEIS matches ?
- A001834: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS · generated b-file 200 terms from n = 0 ?
A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 3, 2; 2: 8, 9, 2; 3: 21, 33, 15, 2; 4: 55, 111, 76, 21, 2; 5: 144, 355, 324, 137, 27, 2; 6: 377, 1098, 1251, 714, 216, 33, 2; 7: 987, 3316, 4527, 3256, 1335, 313, 39, 2; 8: 2584, 9837, 15646, 13581, 7045, 2241, 428, 45, 2; 9: 6765, 28779, 52248, 53133, 33381, 13455, 3486, 561, 51, 2;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = -P(n-2,x) + (3+x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 3 + 2*x.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 3 + 2*x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[-P[n - 2, x] + (3 + x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 3 + 2*x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = -v[i - 2] + (3 + x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
-
Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-06cd9a9d948af774 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-06cd9a9d948af774,e-66d94dddc72ac30f -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-06cd9a9d948af774,e-66d94dddc72ac30f -
Interlacing of consecutive rows. Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m >= 1
The roots of consecutive polynomials alternate on the real line.by the cited steps:
e-06cd9a9d948af774,e-66d94dddc72ac30f -
Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-5, -1)
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-66d94dddc72ac30f
Proof chains
3 incoming proof steps. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A007318
e-06cd9a9d948af774Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle of coefficients of polynomials v(n,x) jointly generated with A207606; see Formula section.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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theorem_check three_term_recurrence
e-8f881604bf5a9d75root: theorem checkThree-term recurrence criterion [Sze39, §3.3; Fav35] polytool ?
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theorem_check three_term_recurrence
e-3cffc405672d7710root: theorem checkThree-term recurrence criterion [Sze39, §3.3; Fav35] polytool ?
-
-
premise (sequence):
Triangle of coefficients of polynomials v(n,x) jointly generated with A207606; see Formula section.
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definition_equality
e-11e03be131215839root: theorem checkOre-algebra identity of two definitions polytool ?
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preserver_image affine, shift 0
e-66d94dddc72ac30fAffine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle of coefficients of polynomials v(n,x) jointly generated with A207606; see Formula section.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-4, 0)
-
premise (sequence):
Triangle of coefficients of polynomials v(n,x) jointly generated with A207606; see Formula section.
Related sequences ?
No candidate equalities or related sequences.
References
- [Fav35] Jean Favard. Sur les polynômes de tchebicheff. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200:2052–2053, 1935.
- [Sze39] G. Szegő. Orthogonal Polynomials. Colloquium publications, American Mathematical Society, 1939. doi:10.1090/coll/023