A143491 → Pₙ + Pₙ₊₁
nonnegative coefficients only rational roots
Proved for all n: all roots real what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | x10 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 30 | 31 | 10 | 1 | 72 | |||||||
| 1 | 144 | 180 | 80 | 15 | 1 | 420 | ||||||
| 2 | 840 | 1198 | 651 | 169 | 21 | 1 | 2880 | |||||
| 3 | 5760 | 9072 | 5684 | 1820 | 315 | 28 | 1 | 22680 | ||||
| 4 | 45360 | 77292 | 53964 | 20089 | 4320 | 538 | 36 | 1 | 201600 | |||
| 5 | 403200 | 732960 | 557864 | 233100 | 58674 | 9135 | 861 | 45 | 1 | 1995840 | ||
| 6 | 3991680 | 7663536 | 6262740 | 2870440 | 815815 | 149513 | 17710 | 1310 | 55 | 1 | 21772800 | |
| 7 | 43545600 | 87626880 | 76044672 | 37622904 | 11789756 | 2451834 | 343497 | 32076 | 1914 | 66 | 1 | 259459200 |
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-af7f1e73681bcc05· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:obreschkoff_combination- Fingerprint
f6-df585348d4ef3b4c
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 (affine: slope 1, intercept 3)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
OEIS matches ?
- A171005: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 30, 31, 10, 1; 1: 144, 180, 80, 15, 1; 2: 840, 1198, 651, 169, 21, 1; 3: 5760, 9072, 5684, 1820, 315, 28, 1; 4: 45360, 77292, 53964, 20089, 4320, 538, 36, 1; 5: 403200, 732960, 557864, 233100, 58674, 9135, 861, 45, 1; 6: 3991680, 7663536, 6262740, 2870440, 815815, 149513, 17710, 1310, 55, 1; 7: 43545600, 87626880, 76044672, 37622904, 11789756, 2451834, 343497, 32076, 1914, 66, 1; 8: 518918400, 1088068320, 994409208, 524863756, 178338810, 41070875, 6556914, 727143, 54990, 2705, 78, 1; 9: 6706022400, 14583179520, 13945097088, 7782670896, 2832239696, 709949240, 125984144, 15978963, 1440153, 90090, 3718, 91, 1;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy (n+4+x)*P(n,x) = (n^2+8*n+15+(2*n+8)*x+x^2)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 30 + 31*x + 10*x^2 + x^3.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 30 + 31*x + 10*x^2 + x^3;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((n^2 + 8*n + 15 + (2*n + 8)*x + x^2)*P[n - 1, x])/(n + 4 + x)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 30 + 31*x + 10*x^2 + x^3; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((n^2 + 8*n + 15 + (2*n + 8)*x + x^2)*v[i - 1])/(n + 4 + x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
-
Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, +inf)
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-a410505258437c48
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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obreschkoff_combination
e-a410505258437c48Hermite–Kakeya–Obreschkoff theorem [Obr63; Fis06, Thm 1.43] ?
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premise (sequence):
Unsigned 2-Stirling numbers of the first kind.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, +inf)
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theorem_check liu_wang
e-84f3431e657be6edroot: theorem checkLiu–Wang theorem [LW07, Thm 2.1, Cor 2.4] ?
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parent_provers root_domain
e-25f97869157cba20root: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
-
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premise (sequence):
Unsigned 2-Stirling numbers of the first kind.
uses: Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m >= 1no recorded property covers this requirement
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premise (sequence):
Unsigned 2-Stirling numbers of the first kind.
Related sequences ?
No candidate equalities or related sequences.
References
- [Fis06] Steve Fisk. Polynomials, roots, and interlacing. arXiv:math/0612833. arXiv
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
- [Obr63] Nikola Obreschkoff. Verteilung und berechnung der nullstellen reeller polynome. Hochschulbücher für mathematik, VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1963.