A139548 → D
palindromicγ-positivenonnegative coefficientsonly rational roots
Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel
Recurrence
\(\left(-1 + n\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(2\,n + 4\,n x + 2\,n x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 0\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 4 + 4\,x\)
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | x10 | x11 | x12 | x13 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||
| 1 | 4 | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||
| 2 | 16 | 48 | 48 | 16 | 128 | ||||||||||
| 3 | 48 | 240 | 480 | 480 | 240 | 48 | 1536 | ||||||||
| 4 | 128 | 896 | 2688 | 4480 | 4480 | 2688 | 896 | 128 | 16384 | ||||||
| 5 | 320 | 2880 | 11520 | 26880 | 40320 | 40320 | 26880 | 11520 | 2880 | 320 | 163840 | ||||
| 6 | 768 | 8448 | 42240 | 126720 | 253440 | 354816 | 354816 | 253440 | 126720 | 42240 | 8448 | 768 | 1572864 | ||
| 7 | 1792 | 23296 | 139776 | 512512 | 1281280 | 2306304 | 3075072 | 3075072 | 2306304 | 1281280 | 512512 | 139776 | 23296 | 1792 | 14680064 |
Compute more
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Technical details
- Node id
n-a19e760d156eaaa1· revision 0 · JSON- Definition source
derived:derivative- Fingerprint
f6-f001db5d15224ada
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27 (affine: slope 2, intercept -1)
- Palindromic rows: yes
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): yes
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
Matches ?
No OEIS matches.
Submission text ?
Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 0; 1: 4, 4; 2: 16, 48, 48, 16; 3: 48, 240, 480, 480, 240, 48; 4: 128, 896, 2688, 4480, 4480, 2688, 896, 128; 5: 320, 2880, 11520, 26880, 40320, 40320, 26880, 11520, 2880, 320; 6: 768, 8448, 42240, 126720, 253440, 354816, 354816, 253440, 126720, 42240, 8448, 768; 7: 1792, 23296, 139776, 512512, 1281280, 2306304, 3075072, 3075072, 2306304, 1281280, 512512, 139776, 23296, 1792; 8: 4096, 61440, 430080, 1863680, 5591040, 12300288, 20500480, 26357760, 26357760, 20500480, 12300288, 5591040, 1863680, 430080, 61440, 4096; 9: 9216, 156672, 1253376, 6266880, 21934080, 57028608, 114057216, 179232768, 224040960, 224040960, 179232768, 114057216, 57028608, 21934080, 6266880, 1253376, 156672, 9216;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy (n-1)*P(n,x) = (2*n+4*n*x+2*n*x^2)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 0, P(1,x) = 4 + 4*x.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 0;
P[1, x_] := 4 + 4*x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((2*n + 4*n*x + 2*n*x^2)*P[n - 1, x])/(n - 1)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 0; v[2] = 4 + 4*x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((2*n + 4*n*x + 2*n*x^2)*v[i - 1])/(n - 1)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)polytool c48629374597
Properties
- Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
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Coefficients of one sign?
Every nonzero row, n ≥ 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
derived from Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators
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Hadamard kernel (Malo)?
Rows P_n, n ≥ 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
derived from Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators
Proof chains ? JSON
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Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators [SP14] polytool ? step ›
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from
Triangle T(n,k) with the coefficient of [x^k] of the polynomial (2*(x+1)^2)^n in row n, column k, 0<=k<=2n.?
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Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ? step ›
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from
Triangle T(n,k) with the coefficient of [x^k] of the polynomial (2*(x+1)^2)^n in row n, column k, 0<=k<=2n.?
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Row-hypergeometric rows (multiplier sequences) [SP14; Bra15, Thm 7.1 of arXiv:1410.6601] polytool RealRooted RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos RealRooted RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_inv_ascPochhammer RealRooted RealRooted.IsPFMultiplierSequence.mul ? step › direct check
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from
Triangle T(n,k) with the coefficient of [x^k] of the polynomial (2*(x+1)^2)^n in row n, column k, 0<=k<=2n.?
- ↑ Parent-row provers of polytool (above)
- ↑ Iterated real-rootedness preservers (above)
- ↑ Row-hypergeometric rows (multiplier sequences) (above)
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from
Triangle T(n,k) with the coefficient of [x^k] of the polynomial (2*(x+1)^2)^n in row n, column k, 0<=k<=2n.?
Related ?
Same fingerprint ?
References
- [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
- [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
- [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.