A038319 → basis A013611

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(16 + 20\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 256 + 640\,x + 400\,x^{2}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14x15x16Pn(1)
02566404001296
140961536019200800046656
2655363276806144005120001600001679616
310485766553600163840002048000012800000320000060466176
416777216125829120393216000655360000614400000307200000640000002176782336
5268435456234881024088080384001835008000022937600000172032000007168000000128000000078364164096
6429496729642949672960187904819200469762048000734003200000734003200000458752000000163840000000256000000002821109907456
768719476736773094113280386547056640011274289152000211392921600002642411520000022020096000000117964800000003686400000000512000000000101559956668416
81099511627776137438953472007730941132800025769803776000056371445760000084557168640000088080384000000062914560000000029491200000000081920000000000102400000000003656158440062976
91759218604441624189255811072015118284881920005669356830720000141733920768000002480343613440000031004295168000000276824064000000001730150400000000072089600000000001802240000000000204800000000000131621703842267136
1028147497671065642221246506598402902710697328640012094627905536000034016140984320000068032281968640000099213744537600000010630044057600000008304721920000000004613734400000000001730150400000000003932160000000000040960000000000004738381338321616896
1145035996273704967318349394477056054887620458577920025156826043514880007861508138598400000176883933118464000002948065551974400000036850819399680000000345476431872000000002399141888000000000011995709440000000000408944640000000000085196800000000000081920000000000000170581728179578208256
127205759403792793612610078956637388801024568915226787840051228445761339392000176097782304604160000440244455761510400000825458354552832000000117922622078976000000012897786789888000000001074815565824000000000671759728640000000000305345331200000000000954204160000000000001835008000000000000016384000000000000006140942214464815497216
1311529215046068469762161727821137838080018915118434956083200010245689152267878400003842133432100454400000105658669382762496000002201222278807552000000035376786623692800000000442209832796160000000004299262263296000000000032244466974720000000000183207198720000000000007633633280000000000000220200960000000000000039321600000000000000032768000000000000000221073919720733357899776
14184467440737095516163689348814741910323203458764513820540928000201761263306198220800008196551321814302720000024589653965442908160000056351290337473331200000010062730417405952000000001415071464947712000000000157230162771968000000000013757639242547200000000009380208574464000000000004885525299200000000000001879048192000000000000005033164800000000000000083886080000000000000006553600000000000000007958661109946400884391936

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-93016690ff7736f4 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013611
Fingerprint
f6-6b726760bd05165a

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 (affine: slope 1, intercept 2)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:            256,             640,              400;
  1:           4096,           15360,            19200,             8000;
  2:          65536,          327680,           614400,           512000,            160000;
  3:        1048576,         6553600,         16384000,         20480000,          12800000,           3200000;
  4:       16777216,       125829120,        393216000,        655360000,         614400000,         307200000,          64000000;
  5:      268435456,      2348810240,       8808038400,      18350080000,       22937600000,       17203200000,        7168000000,        1280000000;
  6:     4294967296,     42949672960,     187904819200,     469762048000,      734003200000,      734003200000,      458752000000,      163840000000,       25600000000;
  7:    68719476736,    773094113280,    3865470566400,   11274289152000,    21139292160000,    26424115200000,    22020096000000,    11796480000000,     3686400000000,     512000000000;
  8:  1099511627776,  13743895347200,   77309411328000,  257698037760000,   563714457600000,   845571686400000,   880803840000000,   629145600000000,   294912000000000,   81920000000000,   10240000000000;
  9: 17592186044416, 241892558110720, 1511828488192000, 5669356830720000, 14173392076800000, 24803436134400000, 31004295168000000, 27682406400000000, 17301504000000000, 7208960000000000, 1802240000000000, 204800000000000;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (16+20*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 256 + 640*x + 400*x^2.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 256 + 640*x + 400*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(16 + 20*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 256 + 640*x + 400*x^2; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (16 + 20*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-fd91849598d32af1
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-fd91849598d32af1
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-fd91849598d32af1

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

Same fingerprint (6)

Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003