A038329 → basis A007318
nonnegative coefficients only rational roots
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 225 | 90 | 9 | 324 | |||||||
| 1 | 3375 | 2025 | 405 | 27 | 5832 | ||||||
| 2 | 50625 | 40500 | 12150 | 1620 | 81 | 104976 | |||||
| 3 | 759375 | 759375 | 303750 | 60750 | 6075 | 243 | 1889568 | ||||
| 4 | 11390625 | 13668750 | 6834375 | 1822500 | 273375 | 21870 | 729 | 34012224 | |||
| 5 | 170859375 | 239203125 | 143521875 | 47840625 | 9568125 | 1148175 | 76545 | 2187 | 612220032 | ||
| 6 | 2562890625 | 4100625000 | 2870437500 | 1148175000 | 287043750 | 45927000 | 4592700 | 262440 | 6561 | 11019960576 | |
| 7 | 38443359375 | 69198046875 | 55358437500 | 25833937500 | 7750181250 | 1550036250 | 206671500 | 17714700 | 885735 | 19683 | 198359290368 |
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-8447c9ce68adee7a· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A007318- Fingerprint
f6-a8e18dd2f0709b33
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 (affine: slope 1, intercept 2)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
OEIS matches ?
- A001027: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 225, 90, 9; 1: 3375, 2025, 405, 27; 2: 50625, 40500, 12150, 1620, 81; 3: 759375, 759375, 303750, 60750, 6075, 243; 4: 11390625, 13668750, 6834375, 1822500, 273375, 21870, 729; 5: 170859375, 239203125, 143521875, 47840625, 9568125, 1148175, 76545, 2187; 6: 2562890625, 4100625000, 2870437500, 1148175000, 287043750, 45927000, 4592700, 262440, 6561; 7: 38443359375, 69198046875, 55358437500, 25833937500, 7750181250, 1550036250, 206671500, 17714700, 885735, 19683; 8: 576650390625, 1153300781250, 1037970703125, 553584375000, 193754531250, 46501087500, 7750181250, 885735000, 66430125, 2952450, 59049; 9: 8649755859375, 19029462890625, 19029462890625, 11417677734375, 4567071093750, 1278779906250, 255755981250, 36536568750, 3653656875, 243577125, 9743085, 177147;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (15+3*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 225 + 90*x + 9*x^2.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 225 + 90*x + 9*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(15 + 3*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 225 + 90*x + 9*x^2; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (15 + 3*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
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Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-fe430a680aa07591 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-fe430a680aa07591 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-fe430a680aa07591
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A007318
e-fe430a680aa07591Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*12^(i-j)*3^j.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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theorem_check liu_wang
e-d1ea7de7e1f61f8broot: theorem checkLiu–Wang theorem [LW07, Thm 2.1, Cor 2.4] ?
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parent_provers periodic_product
e-a6c3b06cf2d0ed0droot: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*12^(i-j)*3^j.
Related sequences ?
Same fingerprint (5)
Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.
- A013611 → x ↦ x/(x+1)
- Triangle of coefficients in expansion of (1+5x)^n.
- A147716 → basis A013610
- A038243: Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is 5^(i-j)*binomial(i,j).
- A038291 → basis A013609
References
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003