basis-map coefficients of A132812 → D

Proved for all n: all roots real what this means

Recurrence
\(\left(-2\,n + n^{2} + n^{3}\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(4 - 2\,x + 8\,n - 3\,n x + 2\,n^{2} + 2\,n^{2} x - 2\,n^{3} + 3\,n^{3} x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(-2 + 3\,x - x^{2} - 6\,n + 9\,n x - 3\,n x^{2} - 4\,n^{2} + 6\,n^{2} x - 2\,n^{2} x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 0\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 2\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13Pn(1)
00
122
2369
3-12241224
4-20-40902050
560-24002403090
6105210-115542052542147
7-2801680-840-33601960100856224
8-504-10089828-9576-63006048176472324
91260-100801008030240-44100-504015120288090450
1023104620-6930011088036960-13860016170330004455110605
11-554455440-83160-221760554400-133056-33264095040653406600132792
12-10296-20592437580-978120-514801812096-1009008-61776030888012012094381561014
1324024-2882885765761441440-534534031711684036032-3843840-792792800800208208131041821274
144504590090-25675657387380-1576575-18108090189639454684680-10945935-1501501816815343980177452101575

Generated b-files: A006002 (row sums) ?

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-7b7a9d67563ccd22 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:derivative
Fingerprint
f6-c0201d95edde5fbe

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): no
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

OEIS matches ?

A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:    0;
  1:    2;
  2:    3,      6;
  3:  -12,     24,    12;
  4:  -20,    -40,    90,    20;
  5:   60,   -240,     0,   240,     30;
  6:  105,    210, -1155,   420,    525,    42;
  7: -280,   1680,  -840, -3360,   1960,  1008,    56;
  8: -504,  -1008,  9828, -9576,  -6300,  6048,  1764,   72;
  9: 1260, -10080, 10080, 30240, -44100, -5040, 15120, 2880, 90;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (n^3+n^2-2*n)*P(n,x) = -(2*n^3-2*n^2-8*n-4-(3*n^3+2*n^2-3*n-2)*x)*P(n-1,x) - (4*n^2+6*n+2-(6*n^2+9*n+3)*x+(2*n^2+3*n+1)*x^2)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 0, P(1,x) = 2.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 0;
P[1, x_] := 2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[(-(2*n^3 - 2*n^2 - 8*n - 4 - (3*n^3 + 2*n^2 - 3*n - 2)*x)*P[n - 1, x] - (4*n^2 + 6*n + 2 - (6*n^2 + 9*n + 3)*x + (2*n^2 + 3*n + 1)*x^2)*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(n^3 + n^2 - 2*n)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 0; v[2] = 2; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (-(2*n^3 - 2*n^2 - 8*n - 4 - (3*n^3 + 2*n^2 - 3*n - 2)*x)*v[i - 1] - (4*n^2 + 6*n + 2 - (6*n^2 + 9*n + 3)*x + (2*n^2 + 3*n + 1)*x^2)*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(n^3 + n^2 - 2*n)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, +inf)
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-d29f61265fea8d1e

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

  1. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  2. [Fav35] Jean Favard. Sur les polynômes de tchebicheff. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200:2052–2053, 1935.
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.
  5. [Sze39] G. Szegő. Orthogonal Polynomials. Colloquium publications, American Mathematical Society, 1939. doi:10.1090/coll/023