A232535 → basis A013610
nonnegative coefficients
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · interlacing (weak) · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | x10 | x11 | x12 | x13 | x14 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| 1 | 3 | 6 | 9 | |||||||||||||
| 2 | 12 | 42 | 27 | 81 | ||||||||||||
| 3 | 48 | 240 | 333 | 108 | 729 | |||||||||||
| 4 | 192 | 1248 | 2664 | 2052 | 405 | 6561 | ||||||||||
| 5 | 768 | 6144 | 17712 | 22032 | 10935 | 1458 | 59049 | |||||||||
| 6 | 3072 | 29184 | 105984 | 183168 | 151956 | 52974 | 5103 | 531441 | ||||||||
| 7 | 12288 | 135168 | 592128 | 1313280 | 1547424 | 925344 | 239841 | 17496 | 4782969 | |||||||
| 8 | 49152 | 614400 | 3151872 | 8543232 | 13115520 | 11337408 | 5143824 | 1032264 | 59049 | 43046721 | ||||||
| 9 | 196608 | 2752512 | 16183296 | 51867648 | 98392320 | 112223232 | 74672928 | 26663904 | 4271211 | 196830 | 387420489 | |||||
| 10 | 786432 | 12189696 | 80805888 | 299040768 | 676408320 | 962357760 | 853991424 | 452656512 | 130773852 | 17124210 | 649539 | 3486784401 | ||||
| 11 | 3145728 | 53477376 | 394592256 | 1656225792 | 4354228224 | 7441072128 | 8304581376 | 5924565504 | 2566978128 | 613164816 | 66902517 | 2125764 | 31381059609 | |||
| 12 | 12582912 | 232783872 | 1892155392 | 8882749440 | 26627014656 | 53198290944 | 71777083392 | 64864530432 | 38129382720 | 13780619424 | 2769634296 | 255800268 | 6908733 | 282429536481 | ||
| 13 | 50331648 | 1006632960 | 8937013248 | 46402633728 | 156253224960 | 357649219584 | 567110025216 | 623150972928 | 466963481088 | 230577684480 | 70659450576 | 12122523504 | 960313887 | 22320522 | 2541865828329 | |
| 14 | 201326592 | 4328521728 | 41674604544 | 237137559552 | 886399303680 | 2288171483136 | 4174692286464 | 5416479424512 | 4960766011392 | 3140310850560 | 1322939464704 | 348421222656 | 51649687908 | 3548962998 | 71744535 | 22876792454961 |
Generated b-files: A001019 (row sums), A100062 (row sums) ?
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-6aadffa116a44288· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013610- Fingerprint
f6-eec54e4acac10975
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no
OEIS matches ?
- A001019: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS · generated b-file 200 terms from n = 0 ?
- A100062: row sums, 14 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS · generated b-file 200 terms from n = 1 ?
A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 3, 6; 2: 12, 42, 27; 3: 48, 240, 333, 108; 4: 192, 1248, 2664, 2052, 405; 5: 768, 6144, 17712, 22032, 10935, 1458; 6: 3072, 29184, 105984, 183168, 151956, 52974, 5103; 7: 12288, 135168, 592128, 1313280, 1547424, 925344, 239841, 17496; 8: 49152, 614400, 3151872, 8543232, 13115520, 11337408, 5143824, 1032264, 59049; 9: 196608, 2752512, 16183296, 51867648, 98392320, 112223232, 74672928, 26663904, 4271211, 196830;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = -9*x^2*P(n-2,x) + (4+6*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 3 + 6*x.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 3 + 6*x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[-9*x^2*P[n - 2, x] + (4 + 6*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 3 + 6*x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = -9*x^2*v[i - 2] + (4 + 6*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
-
Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-638c4e2ec1fd9933 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-638c4e2ec1fd9933 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-638c4e2ec1fd9933 -
Interlacing of consecutive rows. Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m >= 1
The roots of consecutive polynomials alternate on the real line.by the cited steps:
e-638c4e2ec1fd9933
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A013610
e-638c4e2ec1fd9933Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle T(n,k), 0 <= k <= n, read by rows defined by: T(n,k) = (binomial(2*n,2*k) + binomial(2*n+1,2*k))/2.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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theorem_check three_term_recurrence
e-a75bd3d9d36c6f35root: theorem checkThree-term recurrence criterion [Sze39, §3.3; Fav35] polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle T(n,k), 0 <= k <= n, read by rows defined by: T(n,k) = (binomial(2*n,2*k) + binomial(2*n+1,2*k))/2.
Related sequences ?
No candidate equalities or related sequences.
References
- [Fav35] Jean Favard. Sur les polynômes de tchebicheff. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200:2052–2053, 1935.
- [Sze39] G. Szegő. Orthogonal Polynomials. Colloquium publications, American Mathematical Society, 1939. doi:10.1090/coll/023