A178821 → Veronese 2 (j=1) → D+1
nonnegative coefficients
Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel
Recurrence
\(\left(-12\,n + 18\,n x - 4\,n x^{2} + 17\,n^{2} - 22\,n^{2} x + 4\,n^{2} x^{2} - 6\,n^{3} + 4\,n^{3} x + n^{4}\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(-48\,x + 112\,x^{2} - 32\,x^{3} + 32\,n - 20\,n x - 44\,n x^{2} + 8\,n x^{3} - 4\,n^{2} - 14\,n^{2} x - 2\,n^{2} x^{2} + 4\,n^{2} x^{3} + n^{3} + n^{3} x + 4\,n^{3} x^{2} + n^{4} + n^{4} x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(32\,x - 112\,x^{2} + 112\,x^{3} - 32\,x^{4} - 16\,n x + 28\,n x^{2} - 4\,n x^{3} - 8\,n x^{4} + 2\,n^{2} x + 6\,n^{2} x^{2} - 8\,n^{2} x^{3} + 2\,n^{3} x - 2\,n^{3} x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 0\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 5\)
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | ||||
| 1 | 5 | 5 | |||
| 2 | 30 | 30 | |||
| 3 | 140 | 35 | 175 | ||
| 4 | 560 | 280 | 840 | ||
| 5 | 1890 | 1512 | 126 | 3528 | |
| 6 | 5460 | 6720 | 1260 | 13440 | |
| 7 | 13860 | 25410 | 7920 | 330 | 47520 |
Compute more
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Technical details
- Node id
n-6711b935939758ce· revision 0 · JSON- Definition source
derived:one_plus_derivative- Fingerprint
f6-efd07601c6f432c5
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: -1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6 (half affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no
Matches ?
No OEIS matches.
Submission text ?
Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 0; 1: 5; 2: 30; 3: 140, 35; 4: 560, 280; 5: 1890, 1512, 126; 6: 5460, 6720, 1260; 7: 13860, 25410, 7920, 330; 8: 31680, 83160, 39600, 3960; 9: 66495, 240240, 167310, 28600, 715;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy (n^4-6*n^3+17*n^2-12*n+(4*n^3-22*n^2+18*n)*x+(4*n^2-4*n)*x^2)*P(n,x) = (n^4+n^3-4*n^2+32*n+(n^4+n^3-14*n^2-20*n-48)*x+(4*n^3-2*n^2-44*n+112)*x^2+(4*n^2+8*n-32)*x^3)*P(n-1,x) + ((2*n^3+2*n^2-16*n+32)*x-(2*n^3-6*n^2-28*n+112)*x^2-(8*n^2+4*n-112)*x^3-(8*n+32)*x^4)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 0, P(1,x) = 5.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 0;
P[1, x_] := 5;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((n^4 + n^3 - 4*n^2 + 32*n + (n^4 + n^3 - 14*n^2 - 20*n - 48)*x + (4*n^3 - 2*n^2 - 44*n + 112)*x^2 + (4*n^2 + 8*n - 32)*x^3)*P[n - 1, x] + ((2*n^3 + 2*n^2 - 16*n + 32)*x - (2*n^3 - 6*n^2 - 28*n + 112)*x^2 - (8*n^2 + 4*n - 112)*x^3 - (8*n + 32)*x^4)*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(n^4 - 6*n^3 + 17*n^2 - 12*n + (4*n^3 - 22*n^2 + 18*n)*x + (4*n^2 - 4*n)*x^2)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 0; v[2] = 5; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((n^4 + n^3 - 4*n^2 + 32*n + (n^4 + n^3 - 14*n^2 - 20*n - 48)*x + (4*n^3 - 2*n^2 - 44*n + 112)*x^2 + (4*n^2 + 8*n - 32)*x^3)*v[i - 1] + ((2*n^3 + 2*n^2 - 16*n + 32)*x - (2*n^3 - 6*n^2 - 28*n + 112)*x^2 - (8*n^2 + 4*n - 112)*x^3 - (8*n + 32)*x^4)*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(n^4 - 6*n^3 + 17*n^2 - 12*n + (4*n^3 - 22*n^2 + 18*n)*x + (4*n^2 - 4*n)*x^2)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)polytool c48629374597
Properties
- Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
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Coefficients of one sign?
Every nonzero row, n ≥ 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
derived from Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators
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Hadamard kernel (Malo)?
Rows P_n, n ≥ 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
derived from Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators
Proof chains ? JSON
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Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators [SP14] polytool ? step ›
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from
veronese_section_2_1 of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n+4,4) * binomial(n,k), 0 <= k <= n.?
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Veronese sections of Pólya frequency sequences [ASW52; Edr53; AW24] polytool ? step ›
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from
Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n+4,4) * binomial(n,k), 0 <= k <= n.?
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Row-hypergeometric rows (multiplier sequences) [SP14; Bra15, Thm 7.1 of arXiv:1410.6601] polytool RealRooted RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos RealRooted RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_inv_ascPochhammer RealRooted RealRooted.IsPFMultiplierSequence.mul ? step › direct check
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Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ? step ›
- ↑ Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) (above)
- ↑ Iterated real-rootedness preservers (above)
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from
Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n+4,4) * binomial(n,k), 0 <= k <= n.?
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from
veronese_section_2_1 of Triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n+4,4) * binomial(n,k), 0 <= k <= n.?
Related ?
Same fingerprint ?
- A038208 → Veronese 2 (j=1) → D+1
- A028326 → Veronese 2 (j=1) → D+1
- A007318 → Veronese 2 (j=1) → D+1
- A003506 → Veronese 2 (j=1) → D+1
- A178822 → Veronese 2 (j=1) → D+1
- A034867 → D+1
- basis-map coefficients of A113214, shifted → Veronese 2 (j=1) → D+1
- A178820 → Veronese 2 (j=1) → D+1
References
- [ASW52] Michael Aissen, I. J. Schoenberg and A. M. Whitney. On the generating functions of totally positive sequences I. Journal d’Analyse Mathématique, 2(1):93–103, 1952. doi:10.1007/BF02786970
- [AW24] Christos A. Athanasiadis and David G. Wagner. Veronese sections and interlacing matrices of polynomials and formal power series. arXiv:2404.12989. arXiv
- [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
- [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
- [Edr53] Albert Edrei. Proof of a Conjecture of Schoenberg on the Generating Function of a Totally Positive Sequence. Canadian Journal of Mathematics, 5:86–94, 1953. doi:10.4153/CJM-1953-010-3
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
- [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.