A358735 → basis A008277

OEIS matches ?

No OEIS matches.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

Triangle begins:
  0:       1;
  1:       2,          1;
  2:       7,         10,           2;
  3:      33,        100,          52,           6;
  4:     191,       1122,        1126,         316,          24;
  5:    1304,      14319,       24700,       12576,        2228,         120;
  6:   10241,     207168,      578788,      474860,      146728,       17928,        720;
  7:   90865,    3372056,    14737600,    18284740,     8750728,     1815808,     162216,      5040;
  8:  898409,   61216760,   409575260,   739107100,   513661768,   160778296,   23934272,   1630368,    40320;
  9: 9791634, 1229048825, 12413895780, 31753962400, 30785316268, 13624724680, 3002570128, 336050640, 18019872, 362880;

The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = -P(n-2,x) + (n+2+n*x)*P(n-1,x) + n*x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 2 + x.

P[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 2 + x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[-P[n - 2, x] + (n + 2 + n*x)*P[n - 1, x] + n*x*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten

P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 2 + x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = -v[i - 2] + (n + 2 + n*x)*v[i - 1] + n*x*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Proved properties

• Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
  Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
  by the cited steps: e-b5244cd67a4007b4
• Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
  All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
  derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-b5244cd67a4007b4
• Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
  Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
  derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-b5244cd67a4007b4

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

• basis_map A008277 e-b5244cd67a4007b4

  Ray basis map theorem [MW08, Thm 2] polytool RealRooted rayBasisMap_maps_realRootedIn_iff ?

  • premise (sequence): Triangular array read by rows. T(n, k) is the coefficient of x^k in a(n+3) where a(1) = a(2) = a(3) = 1 and a(m+2) = (m…
    uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    • theorem_check three_term_recurrence e-a98b0ab5851394b4 root: theorem check

      Three-term recurrence criterion [Sze39, §3.3; Fav35] polytool ?

    • theorem_check three_term_recurrence e-67c88de355bdef8b root: theorem check

      Three-term recurrence criterion [Sze39, §3.3; Fav35] polytool ?

Related sequences ?

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

1. [Fav35] Jean Favard. Sur les polynômes de tchebicheff. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200:2052–2053, 1935.
2. [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741
3. [Sze39] G. Szegő. Orthogonal Polynomials. Colloquium publications, American Mathematical Society, 1939. doi:10.1090/coll/023