A038326 → basis A008277

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(23 + 12\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(12\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
011
1231235
25296961441369
3121673070815120172859723
427984112207841079136283392207362883889
564363434608553265368800296697604872960248832152682227
61480358891690229736362535998425349414407020172807912857629859848782698889
73404825447609344714281906746760801930658647688026252416014991879168123321139235831808544603284251
8783109852812173564405344969292343289613678982134272801542959257622074762608642970576322561863254016042998169636162806965345
918011526614637701448601041248165017421024092337502711680073324328668416027940568476262454710190194688555837338419227475830374451597803522557038293108675
10414265112136492717120842301976235617320200062246025892869041408063140773679976960319895912755077128550336285646848125126823444480099396718755840397303087104061917364224191614609206503353
1195280975791392795596347615132948114000685504791624038380175769745054085206102075563333120341282536002686361611961570424425431042364897365133557762684342834528256017132276691763205653055353651274300837068815154761733517930219
12219146244320203213357305883624620304547274783586336586562401231193020708139524156894582886907164163457377297889896775681545888233523639582723965828631623958528060322448112488939525465539648054886402864260118583705679353293989478489161004482561260512359741325613457
13504036361936467383117768681420045954492261247915345927740048014823993779125781927040323954289701218906329603368450507195043183513618834790975942452166656609850251606600312422411937365683334934036481439855071245057392641065453954724056268846670881991373619211011384053596160106993205379072109916827626650231925395
141159283632453874980941279522860448460158161241997443896265892764649059653828099324625011202477963382228163618064640318455906861334852991180821935192035779381378539528785572609303717602918402152366818244777525248003318694025331217268736032514252407494693355522001943416535158620167439406975915393024151288392406007808128391846454886410020786421311230179024873

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-59c4487b3cdf0750 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A008277
Fingerprint
f6-70c9bab445f5550d

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

OEIS matches ?

No OEIS matches.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:             1;
  1:            23,             12;
  2:           529,            696,             144;
  3:         12167,          30708,           15120,            1728;
  4:        279841,        1220784,         1079136,          283392,           20736;
  5:       6436343,       46085532,        65368800,        29669760,         4872960,          248832;
  6:     148035889,     1690229736,      3625359984,      2534941440,       702017280,        79128576,        2985984;
  7:    3404825447,    60934471428,    190674676080,    193065864768,     80262524160,     14991879168,     1233211392,      35831808;
  8:   78310985281,  2173564405344,   9692923432896,  13678982134272,   8015429592576,   2207476260864,   297057632256,   18632540160,    429981696;
  9: 1801152661463, 77014486010412, 481650174210240, 923375027116800, 733243286684160, 279405684762624, 54710190194688, 5558373384192, 274758303744, 5159780352;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (23+12*x)*P(n-1,x) + 12*x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(23 + 12*x)*P[n - 1, x] + 12*x*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (23 + 12*x)*v[i - 1] + 12*x*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-aadd11f319a04cdb
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-aadd11f319a04cdb
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-aadd11f319a04cdb

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  2. [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741