Real-rooted atlas

A056241 → θ+1

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(\left(6 - 12\,x - 6\,n + 17\,n x - 13\,n x^{2} + 2\,n x^{3} - 6\,n^{2} x + 18\,n^{2} x^{2} - 6\,n^{2} x^{3} + n^{3} x - 5\,n^{3} x^{2} + 4\,n^{3} x^{3}\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(6 - 12\,x - 54\,x^{2} - 12\,x^{3} + 6\,x^{4} - 6\,n + 17\,n x + 37\,n x^{2} - 17\,n x^{3} - 16\,n x^{4} - 6\,n^{2} x + 22\,n^{2} x^{2} + 28\,n^{2} x^{3} - 2\,n^{2} x^{4} + n^{3} x - 5\,n^{3} x^{2} + n^{3} x^{3} + 12\,n^{3} x^{4}\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(-12\,x - 16\,x^{2} - 12\,x^{3} + 4\,x^{5} - 10\,n x^{2} - 18\,n x^{3} - 18\,n x^{4} - 8\,n x^{5} + 2\,n^{2} x^{2} - 6\,n^{2} x^{3} - 6\,n^{2} x^{4} - 8\,n^{2} x^{5}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 1 + 2\,x\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7Pn(1)
011
1123
216310
311218435
412057405123
5130135180756427
614227056445012671460
71564831428178596619684923

All 15 rows

Technical details
Node id
n-46287fb5b5b8ec61 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:theta_plus_one
Fingerprint
f6-65a1d468bad9872b

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0: 1;
  1: 1,  2;
  2: 1,  6,    3;
  3: 1, 12,   18,    4;
  4: 1, 20,   57,   40,     5;
  5: 1, 30,  135,  180,    75,     6;
  6: 1, 42,  270,  564,   450,   126,     7;
  7: 1, 56,  483, 1428,  1785,   966,   196,    8;
  8: 1, 72,  798, 3136,  5535,  4704,  1862,  288,   9;
  9: 1, 90, 1242, 6216, 14535, 17442, 10878, 3312, 405, 10;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy -(6*n-6-(n^3-6*n^2+17*n-12)*x+(5*n^3-18*n^2+13*n)*x^2-(4*n^3-6*n^2+2*n)*x^3)*P(n,x) = -(6*n-6-(n^3-6*n^2+17*n-12)*x+(5*n^3-22*n^2-37*n+54)*x^2-(n^3+28*n^2-17*n-12)*x^3-(12*n^3-2*n^2-16*n+6)*x^4)*P(n-1,x) - (12*x-(2*n^2-10*n-16)*x^2+(6*n^2+18*n+12)*x^3+(6*n^2+18*n)*x^4+(8*n^2+8*n-4)*x^5)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 1 + 2*x.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 1 + 2*x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[(-(6*n - 6 - (n^3 - 6*n^2 + 17*n - 12)*x + (5*n^3 - 22*n^2 - 37*n + 54)*x^2 - (n^3 + 28*n^2 - 17*n - 12)*x^3 - (12*n^3 - 2*n^2 - 16*n + 6)*x^4)*P[n - 1, x] - (12*x - (2*n^2 - 10*n - 16)*x^2 + (6*n^2 + 18*n + 12)*x^3 + (6*n^2 + 18*n)*x^4 + (8*n^2 + 8*n - 4)*x^5)*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(-6*n + 6 + (n^3 - 6*n^2 + 17*n - 12)*x - (5*n^3 - 18*n^2 + 13*n)*x^2 + (4*n^3 - 6*n^2 + 2*n)*x^3)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 1 + 2*x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (-(6*n - 6 - (n^3 - 6*n^2 + 17*n - 12)*x + (5*n^3 - 22*n^2 - 37*n + 54)*x^2 - (n^3 + 28*n^2 - 17*n - 12)*x^3 - (12*n^3 - 2*n^2 - 16*n + 6)*x^4)*v[i - 1] - (12*x - (2*n^2 - 10*n - 16)*x^2 + (6*n^2 + 18*n + 12)*x^3 + (6*n^2 + 18*n)*x^4 + (8*n^2 + 8*n - 4)*x^5)*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(-6*n + 6 + (n^3 - 6*n^2 + 17*n - 12)*x - (5*n^3 - 18*n^2 + 13*n)*x^2 + (4*n^3 - 6*n^2 + 2*n)*x^3)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

References

  1. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  2. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  3. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.