Real-rooted atlas

A039755 → x ↦ x+1 → x ↦ x/(x+1)

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in [−1, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(\left(1 + x\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(6 + 21\,x + 23\,x^{2} + 8\,x^{3} - 2\,n - 8\,n x - 10\,n x^{2} - 4\,n x^{3}\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(2 + 10\,x + 18\,x^{2} + 14\,x^{3} + 4\,x^{4}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
111
2235
36181337
42410615271353
5116672143213324574009
66484636130641813612414335552253
740883476012155622386422912612365427509764557
8286402818001174928269167636608242957242131445224812712357689
921992024555521187564832499872550652565917020839393824148631442434129217977553
101832224228728801257687683998741128103630561085827576962280976544062976178134458257419394156758965
111643017622664860813954965285051133376119052028001909626123221116784200158999579367803633718225494405829139778985057890421
12157554048237898000016206115584657557012321765989614723296989753764367042412804104816690162683870500401162790151943005074708835103286951856209339025
1316068790402635079731219669142694488379232659226628189897445668471849600874360452096098486447523528041339332764464239687827217991608663284203478719644478246031342980008952185
14173502557443069798916482490778162560122728215691524097735057859297917473084432172303571263680226105698426752221301532034296159584898853524824278885497202888296291404061548778830626025139881071051346697455309
15197553645440375016520307232854797858624176090970888832645122325708576170920229149827233776440403627365058294154547776576956097321847249886038138929843219129785010140150356552777866448058561066600694106920474030851875781363727067227688567261
Technical details
Node id
n-3f4b64ec06d1a8d8 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:mobius_x_over_x_plus_one
Fingerprint
f6-26678761f7bda83d

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept -1)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 1, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
   1:       1;
   2:       2,        3;
   3:       6,       18,        13;
   4:      24,      106,       152,        71;
   5:     116,      672,      1432,      1332,       457;
   6:     648,     4636,     13064,     18136,     12414,       3355;
   7:    4088,    34760,    121556,    223864,    229126,     123654,     27509;
   8:   28640,   281800,   1174928,   2691676,   3660824,    2957242,   1314452,    248127;
   9:  219920,  2455552,  11875648,  32499872,  55065256,   59170208,  39393824,  14863144,   2434129;
  10: 1832224, 22872880, 125768768, 399874112, 810363056, 1085827576, 962280976, 544062976, 178134458, 25741939;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (1+x)*P(n,x) = -(2*n-6+(8*n-21)*x+(10*n-23)*x^2+(4*n-8)*x^3)*P(n-1,x) + (2+10*x+18*x^2+14*x^3+4*x^4)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(1,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[1, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[(-(2*n - 6 + (8*n - 21)*x + (10*n - 23)*x^2 + (4*n - 8)*x^3)*P[n - 1, x] + (2 + 10*x + 18*x^2 + 14*x^3 + 4*x^4)*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(1 + x)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n); v[i] = (-(2*n - 6 + (8*n - 21)*x + (10*n - 23)*x^2 + (4*n - 8)*x^3)*v[i - 1] + (2 + 10*x + 18*x^2 + 14*x^3 + 4*x^4)*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(1 + x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};
T(10)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

Proof chains ? JSON

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.