A249252 → basis A013610

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · interlacing (weak) · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(2 + 6\,x\right)\,P_{n-2}(x) + \left(3 + 6\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 5 + 12\,x\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
011
151217
2177272161
3613727204321585
4217172849686048259215553
5773759628944531364665615552152657
6275332184152712374976500256342144933121498337
79805132900754704232113641627524339008242611255987214706289
834921538416356004013157856296654404167936035551872167961603359232144343297
912437321494041621742470004304190195776336685248387618048279376128114213888201553921416739985
104429618480808718992723549934081128891168241258176035041455363410740224212639385676590489612093235213905406241
111577629331452363119139361733689008631705132815825637440277832747523414155443228748307456157816719365079158784725594112136482576049
1256188091285208641329296616821393308833741030816969777308161997874305282969706654723158114780162341250334721147648020483337732915243535646721339586434369
1320011685495031692558171432037956440592173542927680562932960192133174905062423246193369602991604368384280129715712018538929561608206469406722176782336002612138803213148138517713
147127267318959197682314505152817176325356886513308675231264580931848354286158976167570182287362533597607577628716636616704240037416161281434064202956857858874490881410554953728156728328192129049938134369

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-3f3ffed71cecca6c · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013610
Fingerprint
f6-50110cf0be5eacc9

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

OEIS matches ?

No OEIS matches.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:      1;
  1:      5,      12;
  2:     17,      72,       72;
  3:     61,     372,      720,      432;
  4:    217,    1728,     4968,     6048,      2592;
  5:    773,    7596,    28944,    53136,     46656,     15552;
  6:   2753,   32184,   152712,   374976,    500256,    342144,     93312;
  7:   9805,  132900,   754704,  2321136,   4162752,   4339008,   2426112,    559872;
  8:  34921,  538416,  3560040, 13157856,  29665440,  41679360,  35551872,  16796160,   3359232;
  9: 124373, 2149404, 16217424, 70004304, 190195776, 336685248, 387618048, 279376128, 114213888, 20155392;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (2+6*x)*P(n-2,x) + (3+6*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 5 + 12*x.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[1, x_] := 5 + 12*x;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(2 + 6*x)*P[n - 2, x] + (3 + 6*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 5 + 12*x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (2 + 6*x)*v[i - 2] + (3 + 6*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-d7c15f9b4df77eea
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-d7c15f9b4df77eea
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-d7c15f9b4df77eea
  • Interlacing of consecutive rows. Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m >= 1
    The roots of consecutive polynomials alternate on the real line.
    by the cited steps: e-d7c15f9b4df77eea

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003