A060920 → D+1

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n: all roots real what this means

Recurrence
\(\left(5 + 5\,x - 4\,x^{2} - 10\,n - 18\,n x + 8\,n x^{2} - 4\,n^{2} + 16\,n^{2} x + 8\,n^{3}\right)\,P_{n}(x) = \left(31 + 32\,x - 19\,x^{2} - 20\,x^{3} - 66\,n - 108\,n x - 14\,n x^{2} + 24\,n x^{3} + 60\,n^{2} x + 48\,n^{2} x^{2} + 32\,n^{3} + 24\,n^{3} x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(5 - 6\,x - 43\,x^{2} - 48\,x^{3} - 16\,x^{4} - 30\,n - 94\,n x - 96\,n x^{2} - 32\,n x^{3} - 20\,n^{2} - 36\,n^{2} x - 16\,n^{2} x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
011
1314
2107118
3333812184
410517393181390
53247015481852511784
69772628272413543253318042
728959329121028040287052542135804
88462318114967941542199555474798521157774
9244651051781923361944511181574387596601158631689344
1070101339373711819845490623525294189881371605616207512990386
111993681073593254180234721273017450173383766266216503325443220088112893604
12563425334116088162801362370013649350926775043273301379840292050387752915102155302678
131583643102560652985126051504480584909004588767025382520991653026962654933505720037831171236123784
14443029031115071990431651887837402397779302136239001368154206347022021200595499856580151582082482313311004147450

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-3dc41a0cb4893275 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:one_plus_derivative
Fingerprint
f6-1750af3d564d5dec

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

OEIS matches ?

No OEIS matches.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:     1;
  1:     3,      1;
  2:    10,      7,      1;
  3:    33,     38,     12,      1;
  4:   105,    173,     93,     18,      1;
  5:   324,    701,    548,    185,     25,     1;
  6:   977,   2628,   2724,   1354,    325,    33,    1;
  7:  2895,   9329,  12102,   8040,   2870,   525,   42,    1;
  8:  8462,  31811,  49679,  41542,  19955,  5474,  798,   52,  1;
  9: 24465, 105178, 192336, 194451, 118157, 43875, 9660, 1158, 63, 1;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy (8*n^3-4*n^2-10*n+5+(16*n^2-18*n+5)*x+(8*n-4)*x^2)*P(n,x) = (32*n^3-66*n+31+(24*n^3+60*n^2-108*n+32)*x+(48*n^2-14*n-19)*x^2+(24*n-20)*x^3)*P(n-1,x) - (20*n^2+30*n-5+(36*n^2+94*n+6)*x+(16*n^2+96*n+43)*x^2+(32*n+48)*x^3+16*x^4)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((32*n^3 - 66*n + 31 + (24*n^3 + 60*n^2 - 108*n + 32)*x + (48*n^2 - 14*n - 19)*x^2 + (24*n - 20)*x^3)*P[n - 1, x] - (20*n^2 + 30*n - 5 + (36*n^2 + 94*n + 6)*x + (16*n^2 + 96*n + 43)*x^2 + (32*n + 48)*x^3 + 16*x^4)*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(8*n^3 - 4*n^2 - 10*n + 5 + (16*n^2 - 18*n + 5)*x + (8*n - 4)*x^2)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((32*n^3 - 66*n + 31 + (24*n^3 + 60*n^2 - 108*n + 32)*x + (48*n^2 - 14*n - 19)*x^2 + (24*n - 20)*x^3)*v[i - 1] - (20*n^2 + 30*n - 5 + (36*n^2 + 94*n + 6)*x + (16*n^2 + 96*n + 43)*x^2 + (32*n + 48)*x^3 + 16*x^4)*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(8*n^3 - 4*n^2 - 10*n + 5 + (16*n^2 - 18*n + 5)*x + (8*n - 4)*x^2)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, +inf)
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-e3271f37ad24627f

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

  1. [Fav35] Jean Favard. Sur les polynômes de tchebicheff. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200:2052–2053, 1935.
  2. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.
  3. [Sze39] G. Szegő. Orthogonal Polynomials. Colloquium publications, American Mathematical Society, 1939. doi:10.1090/coll/023