Real-rooted atlas

A196347 → x ↦ x+1 → basis A008277

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n all roots real, in (−∞, 0]coefficients of one signHadamard kernel

Recurrence

\(P_{n}(x) = \left(3\,n + n x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(n x\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
011
1314
21814234
3162222726462
4194442002328432248928
5291609372079200246003000120229800
6524880242424029383201360800273600237607207546320
71102248071552880119810880777218402293200032457602116805040306502560
826453952023778720005364858240468913536019059667203911846404120704020966404032015036900480
971425670408798424768026281946880030149703360016227812160045318994560685843200055956096022861440362880874481650560
102142770112003590795577600140208159168002071801670400014374438848000524830078080010704488256001245404160008110368000272160000362880059370020236800
117071141369600160352052537600810643626777600152161807754880013347299750400006199692960384001637057423232002547438284160023512991040001251391680003512678400399168004646044285344000
122545610893056007781752218240000505628422371072001192842251048448001303767348339456007553381212016640025119851723366400502139484887040061606407582720046235629440000204964784640048858163200479001600414599572866124800
1399278824829184004079604095094528003387747524249088000996148650726028800013414977796252032000955041401333859840039209622091960320009793394027569152001533752958786048001522159117839360094745366876160035537607705600728561433600622702080041802396358167244800
1441697106428257280022984773287290214400242853772430568499200884193331949351424000145412863513434316800012574560586414514688006277470345454404096001920009873147125760003733054720390195200047044814602705920003855388442121216002022972247296000065052440893440011594712729600871782912004724223023804597913600
Technical details
Node id
n-301221ae3d9e17f8 · revision 0 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A008277
Fingerprint
f6-322b0642acfc2857

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

Matches ?

No OEIS matches.

Submission text ?

Atlas rows n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:          1;
  1:          3,           1;
  2:         18,          14,            2;
  3:        162,         222,           72,            6;
  4:       1944,        4200,         2328,          432,           24;
  5:      29160,       93720,        79200,        24600,         3000,         120;
  6:     524880,     2424240,      2938320,      1360800,       273600,       23760,        720;
  7:   11022480,    71552880,    119810880,     77721840,     22932000,     3245760,     211680,      5040;
  8:  264539520,  2377872000,   5364858240,   4689135360,   1905966720,   391184640,   41207040,   2096640,    40320;
  9: 7142567040, 87984247680, 262819468800, 301497033600, 162278121600, 45318994560, 6858432000, 559560960, 22861440, 362880;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (3*n+n*x)*P(n-1,x) + n*x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(3*n + n*x)*P[n - 1, x] + n*x*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (3*n + n*x)*v[i - 1] + n*x*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

polytool c48629374597

Properties

  • Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
    by Ray basis map theorem
  • Coefficients of one sign? Every nonzero row, n ≥ 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    derived from Ray basis map theorem
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo)? Rows P_n, n ≥ 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    derived from Ray basis map theorem

Proof chains ? JSON

Same fingerprint ?

References

  1. [Bra06] Petter Brändén. On linear transformations preserving the Pólya frequency property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 358(8):3697–3716, February 2006. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-06-03856-6
  2. [Bra15] Petter Brändén. Unimodality, log-concavity, real-rootedness and beyond. Handbook of enumerative combinatorics, :437–483, March 2015. doi:10.1201/b18255-10
  3. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  4. [MW08] Shi-Mei Ma and Yi Wang. q-Eulerian polynomials and polynomials with only real zeros. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 15(1):Research Paper 17, January 2008. doi:10.37236/741
  5. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.