A204420 → basis A007318

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(1 - x - 4\,n + 2\,n x + 4\,n^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14Pn(1)
011
1112
2912324
322534513515720
411025184809030168010540320
58930251596105897750217350236259453628800
610805602520295198012618490536174600524947537422010395479001600
718261468225357036129452396362468577539111651357431075131486355662161513513587178291200
84108830350625830723493600059273697483002104084382400421730659350499458960003462158700129729600202702520922789888000
9118745197133062524706410124646251854232851170700708845672234700157649595052950216037851529501849644096300963485523002791213425344594256402373705728000
1042867016165035562591446299295501150071632023850945057529112371184897000070379571586574250107943087462210001078193436670350699250652100002838250540125654729075006547290752432902008176640000
11189043541287806830625412280253287817539625335100948034722945075143428281934094232075371509890185076142506238261160401520250702163789242265350534790159276873502720094857605125884768135501251663666579575137493105751124000727777607680000
1210000403334124981340062522244425543887503556600018675084733598824135605083580882947934476504400229517236752746952759754154512901278079340000514924651198393335900444401665783187112002668947546009920175109366416092934000291504633224805045537716624400316234143225620448401733239439360000
136250252083828113337539062514152776048282814256376562512228038597096452673668125056906823025858753849151250164343493707450464600943753170363655180666969399375425690729530947818437500406482203914090278975002779096380714167889375135077698708331754375455606435997838125010133723119645125013360892551256257905853580625403291461126605635584000000
144556433769110694623065976562510486130545461530653012068750092963650905869499840262303125447866444070670737779216550001351712491297132522333588312527549225376368224751146925003959283605179389678147206254112620236267277243509000031234632121086721445868751735072446376563819525006968468783549197299375196888579261629255000371011430929076437541837777148667500213458046676875304888344611713860501504000000

Generated b-files: A010050 (row sums) ?

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-2da216d37409bd5d · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A007318
Fingerprint
f6-f8baf88ce86e36d7

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:                1;
  1:                1,                1;
  2:                9,               12,                3;
  3:              225,              345,              135,              15;
  4:            11025,            18480,             9030,            1680,             105;
  5:           893025,          1596105,           897750,          217350,           23625,            945;
  6:        108056025,        202951980,        126184905,        36174600,         5249475,         374220,         10395;
  7:      18261468225,      35703612945,      23963624685,      7753911165,      1357431075,      131486355,       6621615,      135135;
  8:    4108830350625,    8307234936000,    5927369748300,   2104084382400,    421730659350,    49945896000,    3462158700,   129729600,    2027025;
  9: 1187451971330625, 2470641012464625, 1854232851170700, 708845672234700, 157649595052950, 21603785152950, 1849644096300, 96348552300, 2791213425, 34459425;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (4*n^2-4*n+1+(2*n-1)*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(4*n^2 - 4*n + 1 + (2*n - 1)*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (4*n^2 - 4*n + 1 + (2*n - 1)*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-d4ca0207416a9ca5
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-d4ca0207416a9ca5
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-d4ca0207416a9ca5

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

Same fingerprint (3)

Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.