A143491 → basis A007318
nonnegative coefficients only rational roots
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | x9 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 20 | |||||||
| 1 | 60 | 47 | 12 | 1 | 120 | ||||||
| 2 | 360 | 342 | 119 | 18 | 1 | 840 | |||||
| 3 | 2520 | 2754 | 1175 | 245 | 25 | 1 | 6720 | ||||
| 4 | 20160 | 24552 | 12154 | 3135 | 445 | 33 | 1 | 60480 | |||
| 5 | 181440 | 241128 | 133938 | 40369 | 7140 | 742 | 42 | 1 | 604800 | ||
| 6 | 1814400 | 2592720 | 1580508 | 537628 | 111769 | 14560 | 1162 | 52 | 1 | 6652800 | |
| 7 | 19958400 | 30334320 | 19978308 | 7494416 | 1767087 | 271929 | 27342 | 1734 | 63 | 1 | 79833600 |
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-1b45c74901cc1e95· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A007318- Fingerprint
f6-a7859c04dfd745fc
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 (affine: slope 1, intercept 2)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
OEIS matches ?
- A001715: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 12, 7, 1; 1: 60, 47, 12, 1; 2: 360, 342, 119, 18, 1; 3: 2520, 2754, 1175, 245, 25, 1; 4: 20160, 24552, 12154, 3135, 445, 33, 1; 5: 181440, 241128, 133938, 40369, 7140, 742, 42, 1; 6: 1814400, 2592720, 1580508, 537628, 111769, 14560, 1162, 52, 1; 7: 19958400, 30334320, 19978308, 7494416, 1767087, 271929, 27342, 1734, 63, 1; 8: 239500800, 383970240, 270074016, 109911300, 28699460, 5030235, 600033, 48150, 2490, 75, 1; 9: 3113510400, 5231113920, 3894932448, 1698920916, 483004280, 94092515, 12830664, 1225983, 80520, 3465, 88, 1;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (n+4+x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 12 + 7*x + x^2.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 12 + 7*x + x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(n + 4 + x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 12 + 7*x + x^2; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (n + 4 + x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
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Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-a33c0ab38a356260 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-a33c0ab38a356260 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-a33c0ab38a356260
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A007318
e-a33c0ab38a356260Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Unsigned 2-Stirling numbers of the first kind.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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theorem_check liu_wang
e-84f3431e657be6edroot: theorem checkLiu–Wang theorem [LW07, Thm 2.1, Cor 2.4] ?
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parent_provers root_domain
e-25f97869157cba20root: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Unsigned 2-Stirling numbers of the first kind.
Related sequences ?
Same fingerprint (1)
Equal up to content, sign, reversal and a small index shift.
References
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003