A011973 → basis A013609 → D+1

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Triangle begins:
  0:   1;
  1:   1;
  2:   4,    2;
  3:   7,    4;
  4:  15,   18,    4;
  5:  28,   44,   12;
  6:  53,  112,   60,   8;
  7:  97,  252,  184,  32;
  8: 176,  550,  540, 176, 16;
  9: 315, 1148, 1404, 640, 80;

The row polynomials satisfy (8*n^3-4*n^2-18*n+(32*n^2-44*n)*x+32*n*x^2)*P(n,x) = (24*n^3-20*n^2-46*n+28+(32*n^3+48*n^2-172*n+80)*x+(128*n^2-80*n-16)*x^2+(128*n-128)*x^3)*P(n-1,x) - (20*n^2+30*n+5+(72*n^2+188*n+68)*x+(64*n^2+384*n+276)*x^2+(256*n+448)*x^3+256*x^4)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.

P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[Together[((24*n^3 - 20*n^2 - 46*n + 28 + (32*n^3 + 48*n^2 - 172*n + 80)*x + (128*n^2 - 80*n - 16)*x^2 + (128*n - 128)*x^3)*P[n - 1, x] - (20*n^2 + 30*n + 5 + (72*n^2 + 188*n + 68)*x + (64*n^2 + 384*n + 276)*x^2 + (256*n + 448)*x^3 + 256*x^4)*D[P[n - 1, x], x])/(8*n^3 - 4*n^2 - 18*n + (32*n^2 - 44*n)*x + 32*n*x^2)]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten

P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((24*n^3 - 20*n^2 - 46*n + 28 + (32*n^3 + 48*n^2 - 172*n + 80)*x + (128*n^2 - 80*n - 16)*x^2 + (128*n - 128)*x^3)*v[i - 1] - (20*n^2 + 30*n + 5 + (72*n^2 + 188*n + 68)*x + (64*n^2 + 384*n + 276)*x^2 + (256*n + 448)*x^3 + 256*x^4)*deriv(v[i - 1], x))/(8*n^3 - 4*n^2 - 18*n + (32*n^2 - 44*n)*x + 32*n*x^2)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Properties

• Real-rooted? Every row P_n, n ≥ 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (−∞, 0]
  by Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators
• Coefficients of one sign? Every nonzero row, n ≥ 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
  derived from Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators
• Hadamard kernel (Malo)? Rows P_n, n ≥ 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
  derived from Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators

Proof chains ? JSON

• Laguerre’s theorem on differential operators [SP14] polytool ? step ›

  • from basis_map_A013609 of Irregular triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n-k, k), n >= 0, 0 <= k <= floor(n/2); or, coef…?
    • Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ? step ›

      • from Irregular triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n-k, k), n >= 0, 0 <= k <= floor(n/2); or, coefficients of (one vers…?
        • Parent-row provers of polytool polytool ? step › direct check
        • Parent-row provers of polytool polytool ? step › direct check
        • Gamma criterion RealRooted IsGammaExpansion.isRealRooted_and_hasRootsNonpos_iff ? step ›

          • from delannoy?
            • Liu–Wang theorem with a lag row [LW07, Thm 2.1] RealRooted ? step › direct check
            • Liu–Wang theorem for three-term recurrences [LW07, Thm 2.1, Thm 2.3, Cor 2.4, Prop 3.3] polytool ? step › direct check
            • Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ? step ›

              • from delannoy?
                • ↑ Liu–Wang theorem with a lag row (above)
                • ↑ Liu–Wang theorem for three-term recurrences (above)
                • Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) polytool ? step ›

                  • from delannoy?
                    • ↑ Liu–Wang theorem with a lag row (above)
                    • ↑ Liu–Wang theorem for three-term recurrences (above)
                    • Affine-current basis map theorem polytool RealRooted orderTwoConstants_nonneg_iff ? step ›

                      • from a(n) = 1 if n is of the form m(m+3)/2, otherwise 0.?
                        no recorded property covers this requirement
                    • Affine-current basis map theorem polytool RealRooted orderTwoConstants_nonneg_iff ? step ›

                      • from a(n) = 1 if n is of the form m(m+3)/2, otherwise 0.?
                        no recorded property covers this requirement
                • ↑ Affine-current basis map theorem (above)
                • ↑ Affine-current basis map theorem (above)
            • ↑ Affine, reversal and Möbius substitutions (elementary) (above)
            • ↑ Affine-current basis map theorem (above)
            • ↑ Affine-current basis map theorem (above)
        • Parent-row provers of polytool polytool ? step › direct check
        • Liu–Wang theorem for three-term recurrences [LW07, Thm 2.1, Thm 2.3, Cor 2.4, Prop 3.3] polytool ? step › direct check
    • Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ? step ›

      • from Irregular triangle read by rows: T(n,k) = binomial(n-k, k), n >= 0, 0 <= k <= floor(n/2); or, coefficients of (one vers…?
        • ↑ Parent-row provers of polytool (above)
        • ↑ Parent-row provers of polytool (above)
        • ↑ Gamma criterion (above)
        • ↑ Parent-row provers of polytool (above)
        • ↑ Liu–Wang theorem for three-term recurrences (above)

Related ?

Same fingerprint ?

• A169803 → basis A013609 → D+1
• A052553 → basis A013609 → D+1

References

1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
2. [SP14] J Schur and G Polya. Über zwei Arten von Faktorenfolgen in der Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen. J. Reine Angew. Math., 1914.