A038322 → basis A007318
nonnegative coefficients only rational roots
Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means
Rows ?
| n | x0 | x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | Pn(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| 1 | 19 | 8 | 27 | ||||||
| 2 | 361 | 304 | 64 | 729 | |||||
| 3 | 6859 | 8664 | 3648 | 512 | 19683 | ||||
| 4 | 130321 | 219488 | 138624 | 38912 | 4096 | 531441 | |||
| 5 | 2476099 | 5212840 | 4389760 | 1848320 | 389120 | 32768 | 14348907 | ||
| 6 | 47045881 | 118852752 | 125108160 | 70236160 | 22179840 | 3735552 | 262144 | 387420489 | |
| 7 | 893871739 | 2634569336 | 3327877056 | 2335352320 | 983306240 | 248414208 | 34865152 | 2097152 | 10460353203 |
Generated b-files: A009971 (row sums) ?
Computed in your browser ?
Technical details
- Node id
n-0d855b65b3c75e99· revision 1 · JSON- Definition source
derived:basis_map_A007318- Fingerprint
f6-fa8b89dcb83e73ac
Observed on the stored rows ?
- Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
- Palindromic rows: no
- γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
- Nonnegative coefficients (
nonn): yes - Only rational roots (
rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes
OEIS matches ?
- A009971: row sums, 15 terms agree OEIS nonn (row-sum match: finite agreement only) · view at the OEIS · generated b-file 200 terms from n = 0 ?
A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.
OEIS submission text ?
Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula
%F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows.
For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched;
the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a
finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.
The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e ExampleTriangle begins: 0: 1; 1: 19, 8; 2: 361, 304, 64; 3: 6859, 8664, 3648, 512; 4: 130321, 219488, 138624, 38912, 4096; 5: 2476099, 5212840, 4389760, 1848320, 389120, 32768; 6: 47045881, 118852752, 125108160, 70236160, 22179840, 3735552, 262144; 7: 893871739, 2634569336, 3327877056, 2335352320, 983306240, 248414208, 34865152, 2097152; 8: 16983563041, 57207791296, 84306218752, 70994710528, 37365637120, 12586319872, 2649751552, 318767104, 16777216; 9: 322687697779, 1222816538952, 2059480486656, 2023349250048, 1277904789504, 538065174528, 151035838464, 27254587392, 2868903936, 134217728;
%F FormulaThe row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (19+8*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t MathematicaP[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(19 + 8*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten%o PARI/GPP(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (19 + 8*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)Generated with polytool c48629374597.
Proved properties
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Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.by the cited steps:
e-c22af348c5e552a2 -
Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-c22af348c5e552a2 -
Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem:
e-c22af348c5e552a2
Proof chains
1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON
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basis_map A007318
e-c22af348c5e552a2Geometric basis map (elementary) polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*11^(i-j)*8^j.
uses: Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
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theorem_check liu_wang
e-b1ed3dc68c32d118root: theorem checkLiu–Wang theorem [LW07, Thm 2.1, Cor 2.4] ?
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parent_provers periodic_product
e-6bd8c236b8a4d918root: theorem checkParent-row provers of polytool polytool ?
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premise (sequence):
Triangle whose (i,j)-th entry is binomial(i,j)*11^(i-j)*8^j.
Related sequences ?
No candidate equalities or related sequences.
References
- [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003