A038322 → basis A007318

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(19 + 8\,x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7Pn(1)
011
119827
236130464729
368598664364851219683
4130321219488138624389124096531441
524760995212840438976018483203891203276814348907
64704588111885275212510816070236160221798403735552262144387420489
789387173926345693363327877056233535232098330624024841420834865152209715210460353203

Generated b-files: A009971 (row sums) ?

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-0d855b65b3c75e99 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A007318
Fingerprint
f6-fa8b89dcb83e73ac

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

A generated b-file is computed from the node's definition along the row alignment of its OEIS link and starts at the entry's offset. It is an identification on a finite prefix, not a proof that the node and the OEIS entry agree for every n.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:            1;
  1:           19,             8;
  2:          361,           304,            64;
  3:         6859,          8664,          3648,           512;
  4:       130321,        219488,        138624,         38912,          4096;
  5:      2476099,       5212840,       4389760,       1848320,        389120,        32768;
  6:     47045881,     118852752,     125108160,      70236160,      22179840,      3735552,       262144;
  7:    893871739,    2634569336,    3327877056,    2335352320,     983306240,    248414208,     34865152,     2097152;
  8:  16983563041,   57207791296,   84306218752,   70994710528,   37365637120,  12586319872,   2649751552,   318767104,   16777216;
  9: 322687697779, 1222816538952, 2059480486656, 2023349250048, 1277904789504, 538065174528, 151035838464, 27254587392, 2868903936, 134217728;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (19+8*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(19 + 8*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (19 + 8*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-c22af348c5e552a2
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-c22af348c5e552a2
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-c22af348c5e552a2

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003