A109692 → basis A013611

nonnegative coefficients only rational roots

Proved for all n: all roots real, in (−∞, 0] · coefficients of one sign · interlacing (weak) · Hadamard kernel what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(-4\,x + 2\,n + 8\,n x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x)\)
\(P_{0}(x) = 1\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7Pn(1)
011
1246
28404896
34840010889602496
4384454419904381442688089856
5384059264362624109798416419849676804133376
646080880128695910429131264680151048385945642577920231469056
764512014717952143194112769711104246703718447108177924956782592221405184015276957696

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-03e8785e2a949402 · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:basis_map_A013611
Fingerprint
f6-0038e377bfbffa8d

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): yes

OEIS matches ?

No OEIS matches.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 0, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
  0:         1;
  1:         2,          4;
  2:         8,         40,          48;
  3:        48,        400,        1088,          960;
  4:       384,       4544,       19904,        38144,         26880;
  5:      3840,      59264,      362624,      1097984,       1641984,        967680;
  6:     46080,     880128,     6959104,     29131264,      68015104,      83859456,       42577920;
  7:    645120,   14717952,   143194112,    769711104,    2467037184,    4710817792,     4956782592,     2214051840;
  8:  10321920,  274194432,  3174182912,  20907024384,   85655261184,  223395315712,   361957588992,   332831784960,   132843110400;
  9: 185794560, 5637390336, 75780513792, 592170876928, 2963472359424, 9845673443328, 21706118070272, 30604088180736, 25023737364480, 9033331507200;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (2*n+(8*n-4)*x)*P(n-1,x) for n >= 1, with P(0,x) = 1.
%t Mathematica
P[0, x_] := 1;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(2*n + (8*n - 4)*x)*P[n - 1, x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; for(n = 1, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = (2*n + (8*n - 4)*x)*v[i - 1]); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};
T(9)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-6568e991bebd1ef4
  • Coefficients of one sign. Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign
    All coefficients of each polynomial have the same sign (after x -> -x when alternating).
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-6568e991bebd1ef4
  • Hadamard kernel (Malo). Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)
    Multiplying the coefficients of any real-rooted polynomial termwise by those of a row (Hadamard product) gives a real-rooted polynomial again.
    derived from the cited steps by a stated theorem: e-6568e991bebd1ef4
  • Interlacing of consecutive rows. Rows P_(m-1), P_m interlace (weak, unordered) for every m >= 1
    The roots of consecutive polynomials alternate on the real line.
    by the cited steps: e-6568e991bebd1ef4

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

  1. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003