A290316 → Pₙ + Pₙ₊₁

nonnegative coefficients

Proved for all n: all roots real what this means

Recurrence
\(P_{n}(x) = \left(1 - 48\,x + 18\,n x\right)\,P_{n-2}(x) + \left(3\,x - 9\,x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-2}'(x) + \left(-12\,x + 18\,n x\right)\,P_{n-1}(x) + \left(3\,x - 9\,x^{2}\right)\,P_{n-1}'(x)\)
\(P_{1}(x) = 2 + 6\,x\)
\(P_{2}(x) = 2 + 54\,x + 90\,x^{2}\)

Rows ?

nx0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10x11x12x13x14x15Pn(1)
1268
225490146
32282230421604748
4212302964611674871280218906
52505828818029063886841908299376013035296
6220406243937851048144287422992457131600152681760950744282
72818341914516073996826481274350242961122767234389146160916090560082047909716
8232758214378751095430155401824847088401248961662504322139610338428811450520006321024864008175777143762
921310610105152281211410470918035336413117804064540131994419182267291024037202296070966426629728538320049303993939200923741113116632
10252427587564329018129649273596061866777582360111362359160282486220586653395762999492097387825645668147294459520269336733823296004289447472710400116685042220210274
112209713865385939796814219090001648100851589228824027037532042058384320130380315999232179460456601126305648244342445703747365955529672981471680296012110490772480041178695738019840016294667247071749532
12283885934381029709726152089234749180156060432220916166009780426418167841036210925678386852887349055882910442272373116836061895789440802762906448762543232823809985379869458240351377352455898585600432376305249208320002492632612567253772554
132335544162268477368339615977724524018282323014613511986441250127257545246248030278584941364542182436569030393347688862722318465116860190399209678358864218125461010208138620963740586796338112120636543083809490138880448117945162647532416004929089879840974848000414514330670472159167504
142134217711018869718527010165677357028312003357741425013768960247146050691011920608818032902631779014712013658912743490980508016012253476037897375557768006082439513955242913364320167419662699395259367894082488001165117053829544960018661471591739960648551680611154219399113784683520060627805522043990630400074454076856646533487523178
152536870893813241739995272817016377212739426447451528673303173552469583778973679786570420785368765562011061128046684786870687924430602565720428620323038918199404839781226705508054254242166415941966317989776544580876803656090327517075100911810048464423116103516453548136832030428765924966962941727872008877086821093922148275712008002870328909806763212800014365029727339053816758934884

Computed in your browser ?

Technical details
Node id
n-03cb0d97e550110a · revision 1 · JSON
Definition source
derived:obreschkoff_combination
Fingerprint
f6-a25ffd4b013b1c0c

Observed on the stored rows ?

  • Degrees: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 (affine: slope 1, intercept 0)
  • Palindromic rows: no
  • γ-positive (gamma_positive): no
  • Nonnegative coefficients (nonn): yes
  • Only rational roots (rr_by_factors: every nonzero row is a product of linear factors over ℚ): no

OEIS matches ?

No OEIS matches.

OEIS submission text ?

Fields to paste into an OEIS submission: the example %e, the formula %F and programs %t (Mathematica) and %o (PARI/GP) that list the same rows. For an OEIS link the row numbers, the offset and the orientation are those of the entry, as matched; the matched terms were compared with the published ones, which identifies the node with the entry on a finite prefix, not for every n. The PARI/GP program is not machine-checked here.

The atlas's own rows: n = 1, …, ascending powers of x
%e Example
Triangle begins:
   1: 2,       6;
   2: 2,      54,         90;
   3: 2,     282,       2304,          2160;
   4: 2,    1230,      29646,        116748,          71280;
   5: 2,    5058,     288180,       2906388,        6841908,          2993760;
   6: 2,   20406,    2439378,      51048144,      287422992,        457131600,        152681760;
   7: 2,   81834,   19145160,     739968264,     8127435024,      29611227672,      34389146160,        9160905600;
   8: 2,  327582,  143787510,    9543015540,   182484708840,    1248961662504,    3221396103384,     2881145052000,      632102486400;
   9: 2, 1310610, 1051522812,  114104709180,  3533641311780,   40645401319944,  191822672910240,   372022960709664,   266297285383200,    49303993939200;
  10: 2, 5242758, 7564329018, 1296492735960, 61866777582360, 1113623591602824, 8622058665339576, 29994920973878256, 45668147294459520, 26933673382329600, 4289447472710400;
%F Formula
The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = (1+(18*n-48)*x)*P(n-2,x) + (3*x-9*x^2)*d/dx P(n-2,x) + (18*n-12)*x*P(n-1,x) + (3*x-9*x^2)*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 3, with P(1,x) = 2 + 6*x, P(2,x) = 2 + 54*x + 90*x^2.
%t Mathematica
P[1, x_] := 2 + 6*x;
P[2, x_] := 2 + 54*x + 90*x^2;
P[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[(1 + (18*n - 48)*x)*P[n - 2, x] + (3*x - 9*x^2)*D[P[n - 2, x], x] + (18*n - 12)*x*P[n - 1, x] + (3*x - 9*x^2)*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];
Table[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 1, 10}] // Flatten
%o PARI/GP
P(N) = {my(v = vector(N)); v[1] = 2 + 6*x; v[2] = 2 + 54*x + 90*x^2; for(n = 3, N, my(i = n); v[i] = (1 + (18*n - 48)*x)*v[i - 2] + (3*x - 9*x^2)*deriv(v[i - 2], x) + (18*n - 12)*x*v[i - 1] + (3*x - 9*x^2)*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};
row(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};
T(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i, v[i])))};
T(10)

Generated with polytool c48629374597.

Proved properties

  • Real-rooted. Every row P_n, n >= 1, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, +inf)
    Every polynomial of the sequence has only real roots, inside the stated interval.
    by the cited steps: e-0f78bcf93daf4e45

Proof chains

1 incoming proof step. Each step is expanded back to the roots of the proof DAG, the theorem checks of a node's own rule. JSON

No candidate equalities or related sequences.

References

  1. [Fis06] Steve Fisk. Polynomials, roots, and interlacing. arXiv:math/0612833. arXiv
  2. [LW07] Lily L. Liu and Yi Wang. A unified approach to polynomial sequences with only real zeros. Advances in Applied Mathematics, 38(4):542–560, May 2007. doi:10.1016/j.aam.2006.02.003
  3. [Obr63] Nikola Obreschkoff. Verteilung und berechnung der nullstellen reeller polynome. Hochschulbücher für mathematik, VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1963.