{"id":"n-f93ed6bfdfdae24a","revision":1,"first_index":0,"fingerprint":"f6-80612d2309956acf","name":"theta_plus_one of Triangular array T read by rows: T(n,0) = T(n,n) = 1 for all n >= 0, T(n,k) = T(n-1,k-1) + T(n-1,k) for odd n and 1< = k <= n-1, T(n,k) = T(n-1,k-1) + T(n-1,k) + T(n-2,k-1) for even n and 1 <= k <= n-1.","polytool_family":null,"interpretation":null,"rows_observed":15,"degree_pattern":"affine","degree_slope":1,"degree_intercept":0,"palindromic":0,"gamma_positive":0,"nonnegative":1,"rr_by_factors":false,"rows":[["1"],["1","2"],["1","6","3"],["1","8","12","4"],["1","12","33","24","5"],["1","14","51","68","35","6"],["1","18","90","180","150","54","7"],["1","20","117","300","375","234","70","8"],["1","24","174","576","975","864","406","96","9"],["1","26","210","808","1695","2034","1414","560","117","10"],["1","30","285","1320","3425","5238","4795","2640","855","150","11"],["1","32","330","1700","5075","9348","10906","8120","3825","1100","176","12"],["1","36","423","2520","8850","19548","27923","26064","15930","6300","1551","216","13"],["1","38","477","3084","12000","30168","50729","57976","45252","24000","8481","1908","247","14"],["1","42","588","4284","19005","55188","108731","147864","139797","91980","41811","12852","2548","294","15"]],"degrees":[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14],"row_sums":["1","3","10","25","75","175","500","1125","3125","6875","18750","40625","109375","234375","625000"],"nonn":true,"definitions":[{"position":0,"source":"derived:theta_plus_one","source_kind":"derived","equality_edge_id":null,"recurrence":{"first_index":0,"initial_polynomials":[["1"],["1","2"],["1","6","3"],["1","8","12","4"]],"recurrence":{"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["-1","-6","-11","-6","-1"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":4,"sign":"none"},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["2","6","2"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":2,"sign":"none"}]},"schema":"polytool.recurrence.v1"}}],"properties":[{"id":161263,"position":0,"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region_key":"(-inf, 0]","provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"label":"Real-rooted","description":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-9d3ba3f44f61794d"]},{"id":161264,"position":1,"claim":"one_signed_coefficients","from_index":0,"region_key":null,"provenance":"derived_from_edges","claim_data":{"alternating":false,"claim":"one_signed_coefficients","from_index":0},"label":"Coefficients of one sign","description":"Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-9d3ba3f44f61794d"]},{"id":161265,"position":2,"claim":"hadamard_kernel","from_index":0,"region_key":null,"provenance":"derived_from_edges","claim_data":{"claim":"hadamard_kernel","from_index":0},"label":"Hadamard kernel (Malo)","description":"Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-9d3ba3f44f61794d"]}],"region_exact":{},"incoming_edges":[{"id":"e-9d3ba3f44f61794d","operation":{"index_shift":0,"operation":"preserver_image","operator":"{\"shape\":\"euler_polynomial\",\"coefficients\":[{\"numerator\":[\"1\"],\"denominator\":[\"1\"]},{\"numerator\":[\"1\"],\"denominator\":[\"1\"]}]}"},"operation_detail":"euler_polynomial, shift 0","conclusion_id":"n-f93ed6bfdfdae24a","premise_count":1,"theorem":"Laguerre's theorem on multiplier sequences: if f is a real polynomial whose roots are all real and <= 0, then (f(k))_(k >= 0) is a multiplier sequence, so x^k -> f(k) x^k maps every real-rooted polynomial to a real-rooted polynomial or zero (Laguerre; see T. Craven and G. Csordas, Multiplier sequences for fields, Illinois J. Math. 21 (1977); Polya--Schur, Theorem 40 of P. Branden, arXiv:1410.6601: sum_k f(k) x^k / k! = f(theta) e^x = C e^x x^m prod (1 + x/a_j), a_j > 0); f(k) has one sign for k >= 0, so coefficients of one sign stay of one sign; applied to f(n, .) for each n","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":["RealRooted.isMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos","RealRooted.isPFMultiplierSequence_eval_of_roots_nonpos","RealRooted.isMultiplierSequence_iff_preserves"],"certificate_hash":"d3e6577b84660ebcd141da0ce31772ba7e3d57b8415e7c1dab7a067c18eca0da","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-4e0b19699f4cf0db","role":"sequence","name":"Triangular array T read by rows: T(n,0) = T(n,n) = 1 for all n >= 0, T(n,k) = T(n-1,k-1) + T(n-1,k) for odd n and 1< = k <= n-1, T(n,k) = T(n-1,k-1) + T(n-1,k) + T(n-2,k-1) for even n and 1 <= k <= n-1.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]}],"used_by":[],"used_by_total":0,"links":[{"id":"l-1ad370b769f40467","kind":"oeis_match","node_a_id":"n-f93ed6bfdfdae24a","node_b_id":null,"fingerprint":null,"oeis_id":"A026950","in_catalog":0,"target":"row_sums","row_alignment":null,"rows_matched":null,"oeis_nonn":1,"details":{"alignment":{"first_row":0,"low_zeros_dropped":false,"oeis_offset":0,"oeis_term_position":0,"target":"row_sums","terms_compared":15},"in_catalog":false,"oeis_id":"A026950","oeis_nonn":true},"other_id":null,"other":null}],"oeis":[{"oeis_id":"A026950","relation":"match_row_sums"}],"bfiles":[{"node_id":"n-f93ed6bfdfdae24a","oeis_id":"A026950","target":"row_sums","oeis_offset":0,"first_row":0,"rows_used":200,"terms_matched":15,"oeis_terms_agreeing":31,"oeis_terms_available":31,"term_count":200,"raw_size":8261}],"oeis_texts":[{"oeis_id":"","target":"node","first_row":0,"oeis_offset":0,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":false,"rows_shown":10,"polytool_commit":"c48629374597092cc41ef4d6273f37991516f984","triangle_example":"Triangle begins:\n  0: 1;\n  1: 1,  2;\n  2: 1,  6,   3;\n  3: 1,  8,  12,   4;\n  4: 1, 12,  33,  24,    5;\n  5: 1, 14,  51,  68,   35,    6;\n  6: 1, 18,  90, 180,  150,   54,    7;\n  7: 1, 20, 117, 300,  375,  234,   70,   8;\n  8: 1, 24, 174, 576,  975,  864,  406,  96,   9;\n  9: 1, 26, 210, 808, 1695, 2034, 1414, 560, 117, 10;\n","recurrence_sentence":"The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = -(1+6*x+11*x^2+6*x^3+x^4)*P(n-4,x) + (2+6*x+2*x^2)*P(n-2,x) for n >= 4, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 1 + 2*x, P(2,x) = 1 + 6*x + 3*x^2, P(3,x) = 1 + 8*x + 12*x^2 + 4*x^3.","mathematica":"P[0, x_] := 1;\nP[1, x_] := 1 + 2*x;\nP[2, x_] := 1 + 6*x + 3*x^2;\nP[3, x_] := 1 + 8*x + 12*x^2 + 4*x^3;\nP[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[-(1 + 6*x + 11*x^2 + 6*x^3 + x^4)*P[n - 4, x] + (2 + 6*x + 2*x^2)*P[n - 2, x]];\nTable[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten","pari":"P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 1 + 2*x; v[3] = 1 + 6*x + 3*x^2; v[4] = 1 + 8*x + 12*x^2 + 4*x^3; for(n = 4, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = -(1 + 6*x + 11*x^2 + 6*x^3 + x^4)*v[i - 4] + (2 + 6*x + 2*x^2)*v[i - 2]); v};\nrow(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};\nT(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};\nT(9)","reading":{"first_row":0,"offset":0,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":false}}],"derivation":{"root":"n-4e0b19699f4cf0db","steps":["\u03b8+1"],"edges":["e-9d3ba3f44f61794d"],"text":"A026374 \u2192 \u03b8+1"},"headline":"A026374 \u2192 \u03b8+1","chain":null}
