{"id":"n-f31ac0aa03765fb6","revision":1,"first_index":0,"fingerprint":"f6-f8dd164ad5488c6f","name":"basis_map_A008277 of Triangle T(n, k) = T(n-1, k) + T(n-1, k-1) + ((n+1)*(n+2)/2)*T(n-2, k-1), read by rows.","polytool_family":null,"interpretation":null,"rows_observed":15,"degree_pattern":"affine","degree_slope":1,"degree_intercept":0,"palindromic":0,"gamma_positive":0,"nonnegative":1,"rr_by_factors":false,"rows":[["1"],["2","1"],["10","11","1"],["40","83","25","1"],["230","769","393","45","1"],["1300","6863","5659","1227","72","1"],["9040","71393","84043","27838","3059","107","1"],["64880","764155","1265805","603645","103324","6616","151","1"],["536560","9189515","20385865","13076805","3164574","316181","12954","205","1"],["4641520","115730555","341619325","288191065","93678824","13243941","841828","23544","270","1"],["44696000","1600262125","6125117115","6580318260","2757642559","520455971","46831259","2016928","40368","347","1"],["451430560","23261487515","115066635925","155588628045","82139818044","19905947016","2387771529","145337651","4446580","66025","437","1"],["4970197120","365550935855","2301308856985","3845631280255","2501963862314","756595880191","116201124592","9425778541","406405291","9162113","103847","541","1"],["57340603040","6033935591635","48259232869245","98958685809285","78317624871964","28963562538351","5531341387422","573832768846","32952302906","1043405684","17845637","158025","660","1"],["711104860480","106487795637545","1071408167885815","2665112739276270","2531518506060069","1126047259855621","261614743917927","33688718657436","2473366937106","104192935950","2494084928","33140642","233745","795","1"]],"degrees":[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14],"row_sums":["1","3","22","149","1438","15122","195481","2808577","46682660","857970873","17677380933","398951569328","9902063587646","266729570152701","7799169123484330"],"nonn":true,"definitions":[{"position":0,"source":"derived:basis_map_A008277","source_kind":"derived","equality_edge_id":null,"recurrence":{"first_index":0,"initial_polynomials":[["1"],["2","1"]],"recurrence":{"terms":[{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["1","1"],["3/2","3/2"],["1/2","1/2"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":2,"sign":"none"},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","1"],["0","3/2"],["0","1/2"]]},"deriv_order":1,"offset":2,"sign":"none"},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["2","1"]]},"deriv_order":0,"offset":1,"sign":"none"},{"coeff":{"coeffs":[["0","1"]]},"deriv_order":1,"offset":1,"sign":"none"}]},"schema":"polytool.recurrence.v1"}}],"properties":[{"id":165980,"position":0,"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region_key":"(-inf, 0]","provenance":"edges","claim_data":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"label":"Real-rooted","description":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-d61a33ddedddac02"]},{"id":165981,"position":1,"claim":"one_signed_coefficients","from_index":0,"region_key":null,"provenance":"derived_from_edges","claim_data":{"alternating":false,"claim":"one_signed_coefficients","from_index":0},"label":"Coefficients of one sign","description":"Every nonzero row, n >= 0: the coefficients of P_n have one sign","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-d61a33ddedddac02"]},{"id":165982,"position":2,"claim":"hadamard_kernel","from_index":0,"region_key":null,"provenance":"derived_from_edges","claim_data":{"claim":"hadamard_kernel","from_index":0},"label":"Hadamard kernel (Malo)","description":"Rows P_n, n >= 0, are Hadamard kernels (preserve real-rootedness)","region_exact":null,"edges":["e-d61a33ddedddac02"]}],"region_exact":{},"incoming_edges":[{"id":"e-d61a33ddedddac02","operation":{"map":"A008277","operation":"basis_map"},"operation_detail":"A008277","conclusion_id":"n-f31ac0aa03765fb6","premise_count":1,"theorem":"ray basis maps: for L f = (a + b t) f + kappa (t - h) f', b > 0, kappa >= 0, and g real-rooted with every root <= h, of multiplicity m at h, T(u^k) = L^k g sends every real polynomial with all roots in S to one with all roots in (-inf, h] if and only if S lies in (-inf, a + b h + kappa m] (RealRooted rayBasisMap_maps_realRootedIn_iff; the step is Ma and Wang, EJC 15 (2008) R17, Theorem 2)","lean_route":null,"lean_declarations":[],"certificate_hash":"cefd407b4cb8e2ff11d528c3b7903cfa806a824d18f5ab767d26dfea60a9cd89","verification_polytool":"replayed","verification_lean":"not_attempted","claims":[{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}}],"premises":[{"position":0,"node_id":"n-8c29b5d8d22f0df0","role":"sequence","name":"Triangle T(n, k) = T(n-1, k) + T(n-1, k-1) + ((n+1)*(n+2)/2)*T(n-2, k-1), read by rows.","uses":{"claim":"real_rooted","from_index":0,"region":{"upper":{"closed":true,"value":"0"}}},"uses_text":"Every row P_n, n >= 0, is zero or real-rooted with all roots in (-inf, 0]"}]}],"used_by":[],"used_by_total":0,"links":[],"oeis":[],"bfiles":[],"oeis_texts":[{"oeis_id":"","target":"node","first_row":0,"oeis_offset":0,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":false,"rows_shown":10,"polytool_commit":"c48629374597092cc41ef4d6273f37991516f984","triangle_example":"Triangle begins:\n  0:       1;\n  1:       2,         1;\n  2:      10,        11,         1;\n  3:      40,        83,        25,         1;\n  4:     230,       769,       393,        45,        1;\n  5:    1300,      6863,      5659,      1227,       72,        1;\n  6:    9040,     71393,     84043,     27838,     3059,      107,      1;\n  7:   64880,    764155,   1265805,    603645,   103324,     6616,    151,     1;\n  8:  536560,   9189515,  20385865,  13076805,  3164574,   316181,  12954,   205,   1;\n  9: 4641520, 115730555, 341619325, 288191065, 93678824, 13243941, 841828, 23544, 270, 1;\n","recurrence_sentence":"The row polynomials satisfy P(n,x) = ((1/2)*n^2+(3/2)*n+1+((1/2)*n^2+(3/2)*n+1)*x)*P(n-2,x) + ((1/2)*n^2+(3/2)*n+1)*x*d/dx P(n-2,x) + (2+x)*P(n-1,x) + x*d/dx P(n-1,x) for n >= 2, with P(0,x) = 1, P(1,x) = 2 + x.","mathematica":"P[0, x_] := 1;\nP[1, x_] := 2 + x;\nP[n_, x_] := P[n, x] = Expand[((1/2)*n^2 + (3/2)*n + 1 + ((1/2)*n^2 + (3/2)*n + 1)*x)*P[n - 2, x] + ((1/2)*n^2 + (3/2)*n + 1)*x*D[P[n - 2, x], x] + (2 + x)*P[n - 1, x] + x*D[P[n - 1, x], x]];\nTable[CoefficientList[P[n, x], x], {n, 0, 9}] // Flatten","pari":"P(N) = {my(v = vector(N + 1)); v[1] = 1; v[2] = 2 + x; for(n = 2, N, my(i = n + 1); v[i] = ((1/2)*n^2 + (3/2)*n + 1 + ((1/2)*n^2 + (3/2)*n + 1)*x)*v[i - 2] + ((1/2)*n^2 + (3/2)*n + 1)*x*deriv(v[i - 2], x) + (2 + x)*v[i - 1] + x*deriv(v[i - 1], x)); v};\nrow(n, p) = {my(c = Vecrev(p)); c};\nT(N) = {my(v = P(N)); concat(vector(#v, i, row(i - 1, v[i])))};\nT(9)","reading":{"first_row":0,"offset":0,"reversed":false,"trim_zeros":"none","regular_triangle":false}}],"derivation":{"root":"n-8c29b5d8d22f0df0","steps":["basis A008277"],"edges":["e-d61a33ddedddac02"],"text":"A154227 \u2192 basis A008277"},"headline":"A154227 \u2192 basis A008277","chain":null}
